YANG Yuxian; WANG Zhenhua; WANG Qing; TANG Caiyu; WAN Peng; CAO Dahua; DONG Chuang

doi:10.7498/aps.74.20241483

Abstract

Ultra-high strength maraging stainless steels possess many important applications such as in aircraft landing gears owing to their excellent strength and good process ability. However, traditional ultra-high strength maraging stainless steels are facing the challenge of balancing strength and ductility while pursuing ultra-high strength. This is mainly due to the semi-coherent or non-coherent relationship between the precipitated nanoparticles and the body-centered cubic (BCC) martensitic matrix. In this work, a novel ultra-high strength maraging stainless steel (Fe-7.95Cr-13.47Ni-3.10Al-1.83Mo-0.03C-0.23Nb, weight percent, %) is designed using a cluster formula approach. Alloy ingots are prepared by vacuum induction melting under an argon atmosphere, followed by hot rolling at 950 ℃ and multiple passes of cold rolling. Finally, the alloy is aged at 500 ℃ for 288 h. Microstructural characterizations of the alloy in different aging states are performed using electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) and transmission electron microscope (TEM). As a result, the martensitic structure of the alloy is fragmented and elongated, with high-density dislocations (~1.8×10^–3 nm^–2) and a large number of coherent B2-NiAl nanoparticles (<5 nm) observed in the BCC martensitic matrix after cold rolling and aging. In terms of mechanical properties, the alloy exhibits significant age-hardening, with a peak-aged hardness of 651 HV after ageing treatment. It also demonstrates an extraordinarily high yield strength (σ_YS = 2.3 GPa) and a decent elongation (El = 3.6%), indicating a well-balanced strength-ductility property. Finally, the origins of the ultra-high strength in the novel alloy are discussed in depth, showing that the ultra-high strength of this stainless steel comes from the strengthening effect of different microstructures. This study provides valuable guidance for designing high-performance ultra-high strength maraging stainless steels.

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Corresponding author: WANG Zhenhua, ahua@mail.dlut.edu.cn ; WAN Peng, pengwan@midea.com ;

Funds: Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 52171152).

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States	H/HV	σ_YS/MPa	σ_UTS/MPa	El/%	F_B/kN	θ_B/(°)
HR	326±10	787	1100	9.3	8.5	35.5
CR	404±5	1408	1432	4.4	9.7	14.9
HRA: 5 h-aged	573±6	1704	1940	3.9	10.1	9.7
CRA: 5 h-aged	645±6	2326	2344	3.6	22.2	15.4
CRA: 12 h-aged	641±8	2254	2324	3.0	18.2	17.9
18 Ni(300)	—	2000	2050	7.0	—	—

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Vol. 74, Issue 5 - 2025-03-05

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