PENG Yi; WANG Chunjing; LI Jing; GAO Kaiyue; XU Hancheng; CHEN Chuanjie; QIAN Muyang; DONG Bingyan; WANG Dezhen

doi:10.7498/aps.74.20241241

Abstract

The streamer propagation and electric field distribution in a two-dimensional fluid model of a packed bed reactor (PBR) filled with carbon dioxide are comprehensively studied by utilizing the PASSKEy simulation platform in this work. The spatiotemporal evolution of electron density, electric fields and key plasma species in the discharge process are studied in depth. The PBR with layered dielectric spheres is simulated by using the model, indicating that the inner sides of the first layer and the second layer of dielectric spheres are not the main regions for reactions such as CO₂ dissociation; instead, the main regions are along the streamer propagation path and the outer side of the first layer of dielectric sphere. In this work, the propagation of streamers in an electric field is investigated, highlighting the influence of anode voltage rise and dielectric polarization on local electric field enhancement. This enhancement leads the electron density and temperature to increase, which facilitats streamer propagation and the formation of filamentary microdischarges and surface ionization waves. This work provides a detailed analysis of the local electric field evolution at specific points within the PBR, and a further investigation of the spatiotemporal dynamics of spatial and surface charges, revealing that negative charges concentrate in the streamer and on the dielectric surface, with density being significantly higher than that of positive charges. The positive charge distribution is closely related to the streamer path, and with time going by, the charge distribution becomes dominated in the discharge space. This work also explores the surface charge deposition on the dielectric spheres, and discusses the evolution trend of the distribution. Additionally, this work discusses the temporal and spatial evolution of key plasma species, including ions and radicals, and their contributions to the overall discharge characteristics. The production mechanisms of carbon monoxide particles, carbon dioxide ions, and oxygen ions are analyzed, with a focus on their spatial distribution and correlation with electron density. Finally, the energy deposition within the PBR is examined by integrating the spatial energy deposition of electrons and major positive ions. The results indicate a total energy deposition value of approximately 1.428 mJ/m, with carbon dioxide ions accounting for 8.8% of this value.

Keywords:

packed-bed dielectric barrier discharge /
dissociation of carbon dioxide /
numerical simulation of plasma /
reaction mechanism

Authors and contacts

Corresponding author: QIAN Muyang, qianmuyang@ncu.edu.cn ; DONG Bingyan, dongbingyan1@sina.com ;

Funds: Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 12475261, 12065019, 12405296).

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Cited By

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

n	A_n/(cm^–2·torr^–1)	λ_n /(cm^–1·torr^–1)
1	3.74×10^–5	2.31
2	4.35×10^–6	0.837
3	1.55×10^–4	7.79

DownLoad: CSV

分子	CO₂, CO, O₂
离子	${\mathrm{CO}}_2^+ $, CO⁺, C⁺, O⁺, ${\mathrm{O}}_2^+ $, O^–, ${\mathrm{O}}_2^- $
自由基	O, C

DownLoad: CSV

类型	反应	焓变/eV	反应速率
电离	e + CO₂$ \Rightarrow$${\mathrm{CO}}_2^+ $ + e + e	–13.80	BOLSIG+
电离	e + CO₂$ \Rightarrow$CO + O⁺ + e + e	–19.1	BOLSIG+
电离	e + CO₂$ \Rightarrow$O + CO⁺ + e + e	–19.5	BOLSIG+
电离	e + CO₂$ \Rightarrow$O₂+C⁺ + e + e	–27.8	BOLSIG+
电离	e + CO$ \Rightarrow$CO⁺ + e + e	–14.01	BOLSIG+
电离	e + CO$ \Rightarrow$C⁺+O + e + e	–22.0	BOLSIG+
电离	e + CO$ \Rightarrow$C + O⁺ + e + e	–25.0	BOLSIG+
电离	e + O₂$ \Rightarrow$${\mathrm{O}}_2^+ $ + e + e	–12.06	BOLSIG+
解离	e + O₂$ \Rightarrow$e + O + O	0.8	BOLSIG+
解离	e + CO₂$ \Rightarrow$e + CO + O	–7.0	BOLSIG+
吸附	e + O₂ + O₂$ \Rightarrow$${\mathrm{O}}_2^- $+O₂	0	6.0 × 10^–39$ T_{\text{e}}^{{{ - 1}}} $^b*
吸附	e + O₂ + CO₂$ \Rightarrow$CO₂ + ${\mathrm{O}}_2^- $	1.60	3.0 × 10^{–42 b*}
吸附	e + O + CO₂$ \Rightarrow$CO₂ + O^–	1.60	1.0 × 10^{–43 b*}
解离+吸附	e + CO₂$ \Rightarrow$CO + O^–	0	BOLSIG+
解离+吸附	e + CO$ \Rightarrow$C + O^–	0	BOLSIG+
解离+吸附	e + O₂$ \Rightarrow$O^–+O	0	BOLSIG+
e-i 复合	e + ${\mathrm{CO}}_2^+ $$ \Rightarrow$CO + O	1.60	$2.0 \times 10^{-11} T_{\text{e}}^{{{ - 0}}{.5}} \cdot T_{\text{g}}^{ - 1} $^a*
e-i 复合	e + ${\mathrm{CO}}_2^+ $$ \Rightarrow$C + O	1.60	$3.68 \times 10^{-14} T_{\text{e}}^{-0.55} $^a*
e-i 复合	e + ${\mathrm{CO}}_2^+ $$ \Rightarrow$C + O₂	1.60	$3.94 \times 10^{-13} T_{\text{e}}^{-0.4} $^a*
e-i 复合	e + ${\mathrm{O}}_2^+ $$ \Rightarrow$O + O	1.60	$6.0 \times 10^{-13} T_{\text{e}}^{{{ - 0}}{.5}} \cdot T_{\text{g}}^{ - 0.5} $^a*
e-i 复合	e + O₂⁺ + CO₂$ \Rightarrow$O₂ + CO₂	1.60	1.0 × 10^{–38 b*}
e-i 复合	e + O⁺ + CO₂$ \Rightarrow$O + CO₂	1.60	1.0 × 10^{–38 b*}
注: a代表单位为m³/(mol·s), b代表单位为m⁶/(mol²·s).

DownLoad: CSV

类型	反应	焓变/eV	反应速率
电子分离	O^– + O$ \Rightarrow$O₂+e	0	1.4 × 10^{–16 a*}
电子分离	${\mathrm{O}}_2^- $ + O$ \Rightarrow$O₂ + O + e	0	1.5 × 10^{–16 a*}
i-i复合	${\mathrm{O}}_2^- $+${\mathrm{O}}_2^+ $ + O₂$ \Rightarrow$O₂ + O₂ + O₂	7.0	2.0 × 10^{–37 b*}
电荷转移	O⁺ + CO₂$ \Rightarrow$${\mathrm{O}}_2^+ $ + CO	0	9.4 × 10^{–16 a*}
电荷转移	O⁺ + CO₂$ \Rightarrow$${\mathrm{CO}}_2^+ $ + O	0	4.5 × 10^{–16 a*}
电荷转移	CO⁺ + CO₂$ \Rightarrow$${\mathrm{CO}}_2^+ $ + CO	0	1.0 × 10^{–15 a*}
电荷转移	C⁺ + CO$ \Rightarrow$CO⁺ + C	0	5.0 × 10^{–19 a*}
电荷转移	${\mathrm{O}}_2^+ $ + C$ \Rightarrow$CO⁺ + O	0	5.2 × 10^{–17 a*}
电荷转移	${\mathrm{CO}}_2^+ $ + O₂$ \Rightarrow$CO₂ + ${\mathrm{O}}_2^+ $	0	5.3 × 10^{–17 a*}
电荷转移	${\mathrm{CO}}_2^+ $ + O$ \Rightarrow$CO+${\mathrm{O}}_2^+ $	0	1.64 × 10^{–16 a*}
电荷转移	${\mathrm{CO}}_2^+ $ + O$ \Rightarrow$CO₂ + O⁺	0	9.62 × 10^{–17 a*}
电荷转移	CO⁺ + O$ \Rightarrow$CO + O⁺	0	1.4 × 10^{–16 a*}
电荷转移	CO⁺ + O₂$ \Rightarrow$CO + ${\mathrm{O}}_2^+ $	0	1.2 × 10^{–16 a*}
中性反应	CO₂ + CO₂$ \Rightarrow$CO + O + CO₂	0.60	$3.91 \times 10^{-16} \exp [-(49430/T_{\rm g})]$ ^a*
中性反应	CO₂ + O$ \Rightarrow$CO + O₂	0	$2.8 \times 10^{-17} \exp [-(26500/T_{\rm g})] $ ^a*
中性反应	CO₂ + C$ \Rightarrow$CO + CO	0	$1.0 \times 10^{-21}$ ^a*
中性反应	CO + O + CO₂$ \Rightarrow$CO₂ + CO₂	0	$8.2 \times 10^{-46} \exp [-(1510/T_{\rm g})] $^b*
中性反应	O₂ + CO$ \Rightarrow$CO₂ + O	0	$4.2 \times 10^{-18} \exp [-(24000/T_{\rm g})] $ ^a*
中性反应	O₂ + C$ \Rightarrow$CO + O	0	$3.0 \times 10^{-17} $ ^a*
中性反应	O + C + CO₂$ \Rightarrow$CO + CO₂	0	$9.12 \times 10^{-37}T_{\rm g}^{-3.08} \exp [-(2114/T_{\rm g})] $ ^b*
中性反应	O + O + CO₂$ \Rightarrow$O₂ + CO₂	0	$3.81 \times 10^{-42}T_{\rm g}^{-1} \exp [-(170/T_{\rm g})] $ ^b*
注: a代表单位为m³/(mol·s), b代表单位为m⁶/(mol²·s).

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Vol. 74, Issue 2 - 2025-01-20

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