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Abstract

In this paper, a novel shared-aperture method of electromagnetic metasurface and antenna is proposed to obtain low radar-cross-section (RCS) performance. In this method, the low-RCS metasurface is first designed, then this metasurface is combined with traditional antenna to obtain novel low-RCS antenna based on shared-aperture technique. Besides, the analysis and corresponding local structure modification are also conducted to ensure that the antenna has good radiation performance while reducing broadband RCS. Using this method, a dual-layer polarization rotation unit cell is first proposed and its broadband working principle is investigated by both theoretical analysis and numerical comparison. Based on this unit cell, a broadband low-RCS metasurface is constructed. Then an initial shared-aperture metasurface antenna is obtained by substituting the middle cells in the metasurface with traditional patch antenna directly. Through careful analysis of surface current in radiation mode, the gain decrease of this metasurface antenna is revealed. On this basis, a finite removal strategy is put forward and some metasurface cells in the antenna are removed by using the electric current analysis. Consequently, an improved shared-aperture metasurface antenna is proposed. This improved antenna works in a frequency range from 6.3 to 7.48 GHz, which is slightly wider than the traditional patch antenna. Its gain is also higher than that of traditional antenna, with a maximum improvement of 1 dB. Meanwhile, the apparent RCS decreases from 6 to 16 GHz for any polarized incident wave, and the reduction peak is larger than 20 dB. Finally, fabrications and measurements are conducted. The measurement results and numerical calculations are in good agreement. The well-behaved radiation performance and broadband low-RCS property of this metasurface antenna verify the effectiveness of the proposed method. Unlike most of reported design methods of low-RCS antennas directly from traditional antennas, the proposed method adopts reverse thinking to transform scattering optimization into radiation optimization, realizing the integration between metasurface and antenna, thus making low-RCS antenna design easier and faster.

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Authors and contacts

Corresponding author:Yang Huan-Huan,jianye8901@126.com

Funds:Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 62371466, 62171460, 62203464), the Natural Science Basic Research Program of Shaanxi Province, China (Grant Nos. 2024JC-ZDXM-39, 20220104, 2020022), and the Foundation of National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Space Microwave (Grant No. HTKJ2022KL504004).

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Cited By

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对象	设计思路	设计方法	尺寸增加	辐射带宽拓宽	增益提升	带内/带外RCS减缩	设计复杂度
[23]	辐射→低散射	加载超表面	是	否	否	仅带外	低
[32]	辐射→低散射	加载超表面	是	是	否	带内+带外	低
[28]	辐射散射一体	激励超表面	否	否	否	带内	高
[30]	辐射散射一体	激励超表面	否	否	否	带内+带外	高
[29]	低散射→辐射	激励超表面	否	是	是	带内+带外	高
[31]	低散射→辐射	激励超表面	—	是	是	带内+带外	高
本文	低散射→辐射	共享孔径	否	是	是	带内+带外	低

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Vol. 73, Issue 12 - 2024-06-20

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