Antimony selenide (Sb ₂Se ₃) is an element-rich, cost-effective, and non-toxic material used as an absorber layer in solar cells. The performance of solar cells is significantly influenced by the transport characteristics of charge carriers. However, these characteristics in Sb ₂Se ₃have not been well understood. In this work, through density functional theory and deformation potential theory, we investigate the hole transport properties of pure Sb ₂Se ₃and As-, Bi-doped Sb ₂Se ₃. The incorporation of as element and Bi element does not introduce additional impurity levels within the band gap. However, the band gaps are reduced in both As-Sb ₂Se ₃and Bi-Sb ₂Se ₃due to the band shifts of energy levels. This phenomenon is primarily attributed to the interactions between the unoccupied 4p and 6p states of the doping atoms and the unoccupied 4p states of Se atoms, as well as the unoccupied 5p states of Sb atoms. In this study, we calculate and analyze three key parameters affecting mobility: effective mass, deformation potential, and elastic constants. The results indicate that effective mass has the greatest influence on mobility, with Bi-Sb ₂Se ₃exhibiting the highest average mobility. The average effective mass is highest in As-Sb ₂Se ₃and lowest in Bi-Sb ₂Se ₃. The elastic constants of the As- and Bi-doped Sb ₂Se ₃structures show minimal differences compared with that of the intrinsic Sb ₂Se ₃structure. By comparing the intrinsic, As-doped, and Bi-doped Sb ₂Se ₃, it is evident that doping has a minor influence on deformation potential energy along various directions. The study reveals that the hole mobility in Sb ₂Se ₃displays significant anisotropy, with higher mobilities observed in the x-direction and the y-direction than in the z-direction. This discrepancy is attributed to stronger covalent bonding primarily in the x- and y-direction, while in the z-direction weaker van der Waals forces is dominant. The directions with enhanced charge carrier transport capability contribute to efficient transfer and collection of photo-generated charge carriers. Therefore, our research theoretically underscores the significance of controlling the growth of antimony selenide along specific directions.