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Abstract

Tandem organic electroluminescent devices (OLEDs) have attracted widespread attention due to their long lifetime and high current efficiency. In this study, a double-emitting unit tandem OLED is fabricated by using Alq ₃/HAT-CN as an interconnect layer. Its photovoltaic properties and exciton regulation mechanism are investigated. The results show that the luminance (11189.86 cd/m ²) and efficiency (13.85 cd/A) of the tandem OLED reaches 2.7 times that of the single electroluminescent (EL) unit OLED (luminance and efficiency of 4007.14 cd/m ²and 5.00 cd/A, respectively) at a current density of 80 mA/cm ². This proves that the Alq ₃/HAT-CN is an efficient interconnect layer. At room temperature, the polaron pair undergoes intersystem crossing (ISC) due to hyperfine interaction (HFI) when a magnetic field is applied to the device. This increases the concentration of the triplet excitons (T ₁), thus promoting the charge scattering. The result is a rapid increase in the low magnetic field and a slow increase in the high magnetic field of the MEL. When the injection current strength is constant, there is less uncompounded charge in the Alq ₃/HAT-CN device than in other connected layer devices. Triplet-charge annihilation (TQA) is weak, resulting in a relative increase in the value of T ₁, which is not involved in the TQA. This suppresses the ISC and leads to a minimal increase in the MEL. As the current strength increases, the T ₁value increases, causing TQA to increase and ISC to decrease. Since the TQA is related to charge and T ₁value, lowering the temperature reduces the carrier mobility in the device, resulting in the relative decreasing of charge concentration and the weakening of TQA. Lowering the temperature reduces the quenching of thermal phonons and increases the T ₁value while extending its lifetime, resulting in the enhancement of triplet-triplet annihilation (TTA). At low temperatures, the high magnetic field shape of the MEL changes from slowly increasing to rapidly decreasing. Therefore, the T ₁value can be regulated by varying the current strength and temperature, which further affects the strength of ISC, TQA and TTA, and the luminescence and efficiency of the device can be effectively improved by reducing TQA and ISC. This work is of great significance in understanding the luminescence mechanism of small molecule tandem devices and studying the mechanism for improving their photovoltaic properties.

Keywords:

tandem organic electroluminescent device/
interconnect layer/
intersystem crossing/
triplet-charge annihilation

Authors and contacts

Corresponding author:Guan Yun-Xia,utk_lili@126.com; Niu Lian-Bin,niulb03@126.com

Funds:Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 61874016), the Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing, China (Grant Nos. CSTC2020jcyj-msxmX0282, CSTC2021jcyj-msxmX0576), and the Scientific and Technological Research Program of Chongqing Municipal Education Commission, China (Grant No. KJQN202200518).

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Cited By

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

Device	Voltage_on/V	Voltage/V	Luminance/(cd·m^–2)		Luminance efficiency/(cd·A^–1)
Device	Voltage_on/V	J₈₀	Max	J₈₀	Max	J₈₀
A	4.09	7.96	36640	4007.14	5.53	5.00
B	7.65	17.45	21710	10410.00	13.28	12.92
C	4.05	11.73	15200	3353.27	5.29	4.19
D	9.38	18.39	12080	5494.57	9.00	6.84
E	5.43	17.94	9181	3072.57	4.23	3.84
F	7.89	15.32	26420	11189.86	15.35	13.85
G	8.25	18.20	14530	6039.05	8.79	7.54
H	6.76	12.54	13630	6340.97	8.22	7.91
注:J表示电流密度,J₈₀数据列代表电流密度为80 mA·cm^–2时, 相应参量的取值; Max数据列表示相应参量的最大值.

DownLoad: CSV

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Vol. 72, Issue 21 - 2023-11-05

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