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Abstract

Electrowetting refers to the phenomenon of modifying the surface tension between a liquid and a solid by adjusting the externally applied electric potential between the liquid and solid electrodes, thereby changing the contact angle between the two and causing a deformation and displacement of the droplets. Electrowetting electronic paper display is a new reflective “paper-like” display technology based on a rapid response microfluidic control technology. It has the advantages of low energy consumption, visual health, and flexibility of commercial electrophoretic electronic paper display products, while breaking through the bottlenecks of “full-color” and “video-speed response” that currently restrict the application of electronic paper display technology. In this paper, several physical directions involved in electrowetting display devices, especially wetting and electrowetting, binary phase fluid mechanics, microscopic and interfacial physics, photophysics, dielectric physics, thermophysics, and transient physics, are systematically reviewed; the basic principles of device operation, microscopic and mesoscopic physical pictures, internal mechanisms of device operation, and device reliability are also discussed in detail.

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Authors and contacts

Corresponding author:Tang Biao,tangbiao@scnu.edu.cn; Zhou Guo-Fu,guofu.zhou@m.scnu.edu.cn

Funds:Project supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (Grant No. 2021YFB3600602), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 62005083, 52175403), the Key Support Program for Foreign Experts of the Ministry of Science and Technology of China (Grant No. zcgx2022002L), the Overseas High Level Talent Introduction Program (Top Youth) of Guangdong Province, China (Grant No. 2021QN02X369), the “Guangdong Special Supprot Program” Local Innovative and Entrepreneurship Teams, China (Grant No. 2019BT02C241), the Program for Chang Jiang Scholars and Innovative Research Teams in Universities of Ministry of Education of China (Grant No. IRT 17R40), the Guangdong Key Laboratory of Optical Information Materials and Technology, China (Grant No. 2017B030301007), the Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Electronic Paper Displays Materials and Devices, China (Grant No. 201705030007), the Joint Laboratory of Optical Information International Cooperation of Ministry of Education, China, and the 111 Project, China.

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Cited By

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理论	重要特征	前提假设
Helmholtz	表面电荷被单分子层的反离子中和; 表面电势在两层离子间线性变化	离子热运动、离子扩散、离子表面吸附、溶剂-固体表面相互作用均忽略
Gouy-Chapman	考虑了离子热运动; 离子被假设为点电荷	离子实际尺寸被忽略; 固体表面电荷均匀分布; 非库仑相互作用被忽略
Stern	考虑了离子的有限尺寸及水合离子作用; 考虑了离子在固体表面的吸附作用(即Stern层)	Stern层厚度小于实际尺寸; Stern层流速假设为0

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聚合物绝缘材料
介电材料	Parylene -C/N	Teflon ®AF 1600	Teflon PTFE	Cytop^TM	PDMS	聚氨酯
介电强度/(kV·mm^–1)	268/276	21	60	110	21.2	22
介电常数	2.65/3.15	1.93	2.1	2.1	2.3—2.8	3.4
击穿电压/V	±240(DC) <1 k(AC 50—20 kHz)	—	<300(DC) <600 k(AC 1 kHz)	<120(DC) <800(AC 2 kHz)	±500(DC)	<400 (DC)
厚度/μm	3.5—30.0	0.01—0.10	25—50	0.1—1.0	38	6—35
接触角/(°)	126	120	114	110	120	50—80
加工工艺	气相沉积	旋涂/浸涂	成泡膜材料	旋涂	旋涂	旋涂
无机绝缘材料
介电材料	二氧化硅		氮化硅		BST
介电强度 /(kV·mm^–1)	400—600		500		18—54
介电常数	3.9		7.5		225—265
击穿电压/V	V_DC≥25		>40		V_DC≥15
厚度/μm	0.1—1.0		0.15		0.07
接触角/(°)	46.7		30		40.8
加工工艺	PECVD		气相沉积		MOCVD

DownLoad: CSV

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Vol. 72, Issue 20 - 2023-10-20

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