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Abstract

Under illumination of a femtosecond laser pulse on the Pt/CoFe/Ta trilayer heterostructure, an impulsive spin current can be generated in the ferromagnetic layer due to the ultrafast demagnetization. The spin current is super-diffusively transported and injected into the neighboring heavy metal layers, and is converted into the transversal charge current due to the spin-orbit coupling, which is named inverse spin Hall effect. The transient charge current on a time scale of sub-picosecond gives rise to the electromagnetic radiation in the far-infrared range to the free space. In this work, we demonstrate two kinds of experiments to investigate the modulation of far-infrared emission by photo-thermal effect, which is due to the thermal energy deposed by light pulses on a short timescales. First, the amplitude of the emitted far-infrared pulse as a function of an applied magnetic field is measured, which shows a far-infrared hysteresis behavior. The coercive field of the sample obtained by far-infrared hysteresis is smaller than that obtained by the M- Hhysteresis through vibrating sample magnetometer. In addition, the coercive field decreases with pump laser fluence increasing. Second, the control of spin polarization on an ultrafast timescale in the presence of a small magnetic field applied oppositely to that of the magnetization of the ferromagnetic sample. The amplitude of far-infrared time-domain signal reaches a maximum value at a pump fluence of 1.43 mJ/cm ². For the pump fluence larger than 1.43 mJ/cm ², the far-infrared pulse experiences a phase reversal. After the reversal, a decrease of the laser pump fluence cannot restore the original phase of the far-infrared pulse. The above two experimental results not only elucidate the photothermal effect of femtosecond laser pulses, but also provide a new method for controlling the far-infrared radiation pulses based on ultrafast spintronics. These results demonstrate that far-infrared emission spectroscopy can be used as an ultrafast optical method to investigate magnetic properties, such as the coercive field and anisotropy field of the samples.

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Corresponding author:Jin Zuan-Ming,physics_jzm@usst.edu.cn

Funds:Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 61975110, 61988102), the 111Project (Grant No. D18014), the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai, China (Grant No. 22JC1400202), the International Joint Lab Program of the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai, China (Grant No. 17590750300), the Key Project of the Science and Technology Commission Shanghai, China (Grant No. YDZX20193100004960), the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai, China (Grant No. 21JC1402600), the Rising-Star Program of the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai, China (Grant No. 18QA1401700), the Chenguang Project of Shanghai Educational Development Foundation, China (Grant No. 16CG45), and the Young Eastern Scholar Project of Shanghai Municipal Education Commission, China (Grant No. QD2015020).

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Vol. 72, Issue 15 - 2023-08-05

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