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Abstract

Pulsar time (PT) has high long-term stability, and its establishment process is completely different from that of atomic time (AT). Therefore, pulsar-based time scale can be used as an independent test for the fluctuation of atomic time scale. In this paper, the test results of the fluctuation of atomic time using pulsar time are presented in combination with the real clock difference data. In order to test the fluctuation of atomic time, the timing model parameters of four pulsars are used to simulate the pulse times of arrival (TOAs) data with TT(BIPM19) as the reference, and then the reference time is changed from TT(BIPM19) to TT(TAI). Based on this, the classical weighted average algorithm and the Wiener filtering algorithm are used to extract the variations of the atomic time relative to the pulsar time. The test results obtained by the two methods are compared, and it shows that the Wiener filtering algorithm is better than the weighted average algorithm for the extraction of the fluctuation of the atomic time. The wavelet threshold denoising method is added to the clock difference signal extracted by the Wiener filtering algorithm to deduct the high-frequency noise. After denoising, PT is closer to TT(BIPM19), which further improves the ability of PT to detect the fluctuation of AT. For the TOA measurement accuracy of 100 ns, the difference between PT and TT(BIPM19) can be kept roughly within 40 ns. This paper studies the method of further improving the accuracy of PT under the premise of given TOA measurement accuracy, which is of great significance for the next step to use PT for more effective application of time keeping.

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Authors and contacts

Corresponding author:Tong Ming-Lei,mltong@ntsc.ac.cn

Funds:Project supported by the SKA Project of the Ministry of Science and Technology of China (Grant No. 2020SKA0120103) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. U1831130)

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参数	含义	数值
PSRJ	脉冲星名称	J0437-4715	J1713+0747	J1744-1134	J1909-3744
RAJ/(hh:mm:ss.sss)	J2000赤经	04:37:15.8961766	17:13:49.5327233	17:44:29.4057898	19:09:47.4346727
DECJ/(°)	J2000赤纬	–47:15:09.11071	+07:47:37.49783	–11:34:54.68134	–37:44:14.46677
F₀/$\rm{s}^{-1}$	自转频率	173.6879458121841	218.8118404348010	245.4261197130545	339.3156872882437
F₁/$\rm{s}^{-2}$	自转频率的一阶导数	–1.728362 × 10^–¹⁵	–4.08381×10^–¹⁶	–5.38183 × 10^–¹⁶	–1.614845 × 10^–¹⁵
PEPOCH/MJD	周期确定的历元	54500	54500	54500	54500
DM/($\rm{cm^{-3}\cdot pc}$)	色散	2.6449	15.9903	3.1369	10.3927

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PSR	J0437-4715	J1713+0747	J1744-1134	J1909-3744
RMS/μs	0.215	0.457	0.653	0.191
$w_i$	0.385	0.085	0.042	0.488

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Vol. 72, Issue 7 - 2023-04-05

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