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Abstract

AbstractMicro-displacement actuators have important applications in aerospace, semiconductor, industry and other fields. Now most of the lead-based piezoelectric ceramics are used in the market. In consideration of environmental protection and legal restriction, it is urgent to develop lead-free ceramic materials with excellent electrostrictive properties. As a kind of ABO ₃-type ferroelectrics, (Ba,Ca)(Ti,Zr)O ₃lead-free ceramics have attracted a lot of attention because of their high piezoelectricity. In this work, (Ba _0.85Ca _0.15)(Ti _0.9Zr _0.1)O ₃(BCTZ) ceramics with high electrostrictive coefficient are prepared by the solid-state method. The effects of sintering temperature on the structures and electrical properties of BCTZ ceramics are studied. The results show that the sintering temperature can help to improve density and grain growth of BCTZ ceramic.There are no impurity phases in the BCTZ ceramic systems, and all samples show ABO ₃-type perovskite structures. At room temperature, the crystal structure of BCTZ ceramic forms coexistence of orthogonal (O)-tetragonal (T) phase. The dielectric peak of BCTZ ceramic is widened, and the Curie temperature reaches a maximum value of 110 ℃ when T _s= 1300 ℃. With the increase of sintering temperature, the dielectric peak of BCTZ ceramic gradually becomes narrowed, and the Curie temperature of ceramic moves toward low temperature.As the sintering temperature is 1300 ℃, the grain size of BCTZ ceramic is 1 μm, the large electrostrictive coefficient Q ₃₃(5.84 × 10 ^–2m ⁴/C ²) can be obtained, which is about twice that of traditional PZT ceramic. This may be attributed to combination of the surface effect caused by grain size of BCTZ ceramic with the strong ionic nature of A-O chemical bond. In addition, although BCTZ ceramic has an O-T phase boundary near room temperature, the electrostrictive coefficient Q ₃₃of ceramic has good temperature stability in a range of 25–100 ℃. It shows that the crystal phase and temperature have no effect on the electrostrictive coefficient of BCTZ lead-free ceramic. It provides a new idea for designing the high electrostrictive properties of lead-free piezoelectric ceramics with potential applications.

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Corresponding author:Chen Xiao-Ming,chen-xm123@163.com

Funds:Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 52162015), the Natural Science Foundation of Guizhou Province, China (Grant No. [2020]1Y204), the Opening Project of Key Laboratory of Inorganic Functional Materials and Devices, Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No. KLIFMD202201), and the Fund of Guizhou Institute of Technology, China (Grant Nos. XJGC20190920, GZLGXM-21).

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T_s/℃	Q₃₃/ (10^–2m⁴·C^–2)	R-square	ε_r	Average grain size/μm
1300	5.84	0.9772	1621	1
1350	3.51	0.9728	2870	2
1400	4.09	0.98768	2836	6
1450	4.27	0.98677	2781	12
1475	4.34	0.98067	2904	—
1500	4.47	0.98348	2776	14

DownLoad: CSV

T/℃	T_s=1300 ℃ Q₃₃/(10^–2m⁴·C^–2)	T_s=1475 ℃ Q₃₃/(10^–2m⁴·C^–2)
25	5.84	4.34
50	6.39	4.62
70	6.61	4.78
85	6.76	4.68
100	6.83	4.29

DownLoad: CSV

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Vol. 71, Issue 16 - 2022-08-20

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