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Abstract

In this paper, we mainly introduce the preparation and physical properties of the heralded single-photon source, the development history and its applications in three typical quantum key distribution protocols, including BB84, measurement-device-independent and twin-field quantum key distribution protocols. Moreover, we make comparisons of the above quantum key distribution protocols between using heralded single-photon source and using weak coherent sources, and analyze their advantages and disadvantages. Besides, according to the characteristics of single-photon interference in twin-field quantum key distributions, the limitations of separately applying heralded single-photon sources to twin-field quantum key distributions are revealed, and possible solutions are discussed. Therefore, this work may provide valuable references and help for the practical implementation of quantum secure communication in the near future.

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Authors and contacts

Corresponding author:Wang Qin,qinw@njupt.edu.cn

Funds:Project supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (Grant Nos. 2018YFA0306400, 2017YFA0304100), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 12074194, 12104240), and the Jiangsu Natural Science Foundation, China (Grant Nos. BK20192001, BK20210582).

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Cited By

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光源	$ {\mathit{P}}_{0} $	$ {\mathit{P}}_{1} $	$ {\mathit{P}}_{\mathit{m}} $
$ \mathrm{W}\mathrm{C}\mathrm{S} $	$ 6.065\times 1{0}^{-1} $	$ 0.3033 $	$ 0.0902 $
$ \mathrm{H}\mathrm{S}\mathrm{P}\mathrm{S} $	$ 6.065\times 1{0}^{-7} $	$ 0.2274 $	$ 0.0853 $

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晶体类型	信号光中心谱线/nm	滤波片半高宽/nm	纯度/%	光源亮度	标记效率滤波前/%/后/%	参考文献
PPLN	1557	0.10	78.0	1.40×10³pairs·(s·μW)^–1	39.9 / 64.0	Saarlandes2016 [43]
PPLN	1536	0.25	99.0	1.60×10³pairs·(s·mW)^–1	—	Nice2010 [44]
PPKTP	1590	0.00	90.0	1.10×10⁴pairs·(s·mW)^–1	77.0 / 0	Illinois2016 [45]
PPKTP	1570	8.00	98.0	3.29×10²pairs·(s·μW)^–1	52.0 / 0	Griffith2016 [46]
BBO	1550	10.00	99.7	1.70×10²pairs·(s·mW)^–1	91.0 / 94.0	USTC2018 [47]
BBO	532	24.00	—	9.50×10³pairs·(s·mW)^–1	18.9 / 16.7	Fraunhofer2022 [48]
注: 晶体类型为自发参量下转换过程中使用的非线晶体; PPLN: periodically-poled potassium titanyl phosphate, 周期极化磷酸钛钾晶体; PPKTP: periodically-poled potassium titanyl phosphate, 周期极化磷酸钛钾晶体; BBO:β–barium-borate, 偏硼磷钡晶体.

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Vol. 71, Issue 17 - 2022-09-05

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