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Abstract

Na-ion batteries possess great potential applications in the large-scale energy storage. The Na-ion layered oxide cathode (Na _xTMO ₂) has received increasing attention in scientific and industrial research due to its high capacity, easy manufacture, adjustable voltage, and low cost. However, the larger the Na ⁺radius and the stronger the Na ⁺-Na ⁺electrostatic repulsion is, which will lead to various structural configurations and complex structural transitions, resulting in multiple structure-property connections. In this paper, the structural types of Na-ion layered transition metal oxide cathode materials are introduced, and their structural evolutions during Na ⁺de/intercalation are summarized for revealing the mechanism for structural transformation of Na-ion layered transition-metal oxide cathode material and its effect on electrochemical performance; the existing challenges are discussed; the improvement strategies are proposed finally.

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Authors and contacts

Corresponding author:Rong Xiao-Hui,rong@iphy.ac.cn; Hu Yong-Sheng,yshu@iphy.ac.cn

Funds:Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 51725206, 52122214, 52072403), the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No. XDA21070500), Youth Innovation Promotion Association of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No. 2020006), the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (Grant No. 2021M703460), and the Natural Science Foundation of Beijing, China (Grant No. 2212022).

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结构	空间群 (代号)	原子占位
结构		Na_e	Na_f	Na	M	O
O3	${R}\bar{3}{m}$ (167)	—	—	3b (0, 0, 1/2)	3a (0, 0, 0)	6c (0, 0, ~0.27)
O'3	C2/m (12)	—	—	2d (0, 1/2, 1/2)	2a (0, 0, 0)	4i (~0.28, 0, ~0.8)
P3	R3m (160)	—	—	3a (0, 0, ~0.17)	3a (0, 0, 0)	3a (0, 0, ~0.4)
P2	P6₃/mmc (194)	2d (2/3, 1/3, 1/4)	2b (0, 0, 1/4)	—	2a (0, 0, 0)	4f (1/3, 2/3, ~0.09)
O2	P6₃mc (186)	—	—	2b (1/3, 2/3, ~0.24)	2b (2/3, 1/3, 0)	2b (2/3, 1/3, ~0.39)

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Vol. 71, Issue 10 - 2022-05-20

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