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Abstract

Temperature is the most intuitive and widespread in various physical quantities. Violent changes in temperature usually implies the appearing of fluctuations in physical properties of an object. Therefore, temperature is often an important indicator. With the development of science and technology, the scales in many fields are being more and more miniaturized. However, there are no mature temperature measurement systems in the case where the spatial scale is less than 10 μm. In addition to the requirement for spatial resolution, the sensor ought to exert no dramatic influence on the object to be measured. The nitrogen vacancy (NV) center in diamond is a stable luminescence defect. The measurements of its spectrum and spin state can be used to obtain the information about physical quantities near the color center, such as temperature and electro-magnetic field. Owing to its stable chemical properties and high thermal conductivity, the NV center can be applied to the noninvasive detection for nano-scale researches. It can also be used in the life field because it is non-toxic to cells. Moreover, combined with different techniques, such as optical fiber, scanning thermal microscopy, NV center can be used to measure the local temperatures in different scenarios. This review focuses on the temperature properties, the method of measuring temperature, and relevant applications of NV centers.

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Corresponding author:Sun Fang-Wen,fwsun@ustc.edu.cn

Funds:Project supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2017YFA0304504), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 91850102, 12005218), and the Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars of Heibei Province, China (Grant No. F2019516002).

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Cited By

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温度灵敏度/$({\rm{mK} }\cdot{ {\rm{Hz}^{-1/2} } })$	方法	样品	NV色心浓度或者碳含量	参考文献
0.43	利用自旋锁相结合ODMR	块状	0.1—1 × 10⁶(99.99% ${ }^{12} {\rm{C}}$)	[35]
0.76	增加NV色心的浓度	块状	2.84 × 10⁶	[43]
1.6	借助磁场消磁测量温度	块状	0.15 × 10⁶	[40]
5	对自旋能级进行相干操控	块状	99.995% ${ }^{12} {\rm{C}}$	[28]
9	对自旋能级进行相干操控	块状	99.99% ${ }^{12}{\rm{ C}}$	[29]
10	对自旋能级进行相干操控	块状	1.1%¹³C	[27]
10.1	利用多脉冲进行相干操控	块状	1.1%¹³C	[37]
11	利用居里温度下磁场的改变推算出温度	100 nm	500个NV	[41]
0.076	利用居里温度下磁场的改变推算出温度	金刚石立柱	单个NV	[42]
130	对自旋能级进行相干操控	50 nm	无相关数据	[28]
300	NV色心电子态的超精细结构	50 nm	100个NV	[32]

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Vol. 71, Issue 6 - 2022-03-20

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