Phase-field simulation of void evolution in UO<sub>2</sub> under applied stress

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Abstract

Owing to the migration and aggregation of point defects produced by cascade collision, a large number of cavities form easily during irradiation of the uranium dioxide (UO ₂) that is an important nuclear fuel. In addition, cavities are also inevitably introduced into the ceramic fuel during sintering. Moreover, the creep strain and thermal strain, caused by the extreme environment of high temperature and strong irradiation, significantly increase the applied stress of nuclear fuel. Therefore, it is crucial to investigate the microstructure evolution of the cavities in UO ₂fuel under applied stress. In this work, a phase-field model of void evolution in UO ₂under applied stress is established. Firstly, the elastic equilibrium equation is solved by the perturbation-iterative method, and the stress distribution around a single void under applied stress is calculated. The results show that the stress concentration is observed at the edge of the void, and the simulated stress distribution is consistent with the theoretically analytical results. Then, the evolution processes of a single void under different applied stresses are simulated by the phase-field model. The results show that the growth rate of void increases with the augment of applied stress. Finally, the effect of applied stress on grain growth and void evolution in polycrystalline are also studied. The results show that the applied stress will accelerate the void growth. With the increase of the applied stress, the effect of the applied stress on accelerating the void evolution increases.

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Corresponding author:Liu Wen-Bo,liuwenbo@xjtu.edu.cn

Funds:Project supported by the Joint Fund of the National Natural Science Foundation of China and the China Academy of Engineering Physics (Grant Nos. U1830124, U2130105) and the Innovative Scientific Program of China National Nuclear Corporation.

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参量	符号	取值	参考文献
绝对温度	T	1173 K
玻尔兹曼常数	k_B	1.381 × 10^–23J/K
晶格常数	a	0.552 nm	[31]
迁移率	L	1.56 × 10^–11m³/(J·s)	[32]
梯度自由能参数	κ	3.38 × 10^–8J/m	[32]
空位扩散系数	$ {D_{\text{v}}} $	5.586 × 10^–18m²/s	[33]
空位形成能	$ E_{\text{v}}^{\text{f}} $	5.10 eV	[34]
表面能	${\gamma _{\text{s}}}$	1.76 eV	[35]
晶界能	${\gamma _{{\text{GB}}}}$	1.67 eV	[36]
弹性模量	C₁₁	389.3 GPa	[37]
	C₁₂	118.7 GPa	[37]
	C₄₄	59.7 GPa	[37]

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Vol. 71, Issue 2 - 2022-01-20

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