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Abstract

Quantum key distribution (QKD) has become an alternative technology defensing the security threat resulting from quantum computing. Owing to its superiority in coexistence with optical infrastructures and cost-effective, continuous variable QKD (CV-QKD) is widely studied and developed towards the practical application stage. The standardized measurement of critical parameters of the system should be studied urgently. In this work we propose a scheme based on balanced homodyne detection with phase-randomized local oscillator to realize the average photon number measurement. By controlling local oscillator phase positively, which obeys $ [0,\mathrm{ }2\mathrm{\pi }] $ uniform distribution, a linear relationship between average photon numbers and the variance of detector output can be obtained in simulation and experiment. With high-accuracy (～0.1) photons/pulse and large range ～23 dB, this average photon number measurement scheme provides a great reference to evaluating the critical parameters of CV-QKD system in the practical process.

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Authors and contacts

Corresponding author:Xu Bing-Jie,xbjpku@163.com

Funds:Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. U19A2076, 61771439, 61901425), the National Cryptography Development Fund, China (Grant No. MMJJ20170120), the Sichuan Science and Technology Program, China (Grant Nos. 2019JDJQ0060, 2020YFG0289, 2020YJ0482), and the Innovation Special Zone Funds, China (Grant No. 18-163-00-TS-004-040-01).

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Vol. 70, Issue 24 - 2021-12-20

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