- 必威体育下载

姓名
邮箱
手机号码
标题
留言内容
验证码

Abstract

Vacuum stability is one of the key issues in the design of particle accelerators, especially high-energy super proton-proton colliders. The synchrotron radiation generated by proton beams in the bending area will desorb and crack the gas molecules which have adsorbed on the wall of the cold bore. The collision or scattering between the proton beam and the desorbed gas molecules may result in the degradation of the beam quality and the reduction of beam life time, and even the collapse of the beam. Usually a copper coated stainless steel beam screen is installed in the cold bore to intercept synchrotron radiation and reduce gas desorption. Based on the design parameters of the Super Proton-Proton Collider, in this paper the source of gas in the beam screen is analyzed. By considering the photon-induced desorption process and the gas molecule cracking process, the gas dynamic model in the beam screen is established. Moreover, the calculation of the evolution of the gas density in the beam screen with the beam operating time is carried out, and the effect of TiZrV non-evaporable getter film coated beam screen on the dynamic gas density is explored. The results show that H ₂is the main desorption gas in the beam, the next is CO, while the molecular density of CO ₂and CH ₄are limited by molecular cracking. The maximum gas density in the beam screen appears at the initial stage of operation, and the gas density decreases with time going by. In order to strengthen adsorption and reduce desorption, TiZrV coated beam screen is discussed in this paper. In the case of TiZrV coated stainless steel beam screen, the maximum equivalent H ₂density is about two order of magnitude lower than in the case of copper coated stainless steel beam screen. The non-evaporable getter(NEG) for beam screen material can significantly improve vacuum performance. The calculation results can qualitatively reflect the dynamic vacuum evolution in the beam screen during the beam operation and provide a reference for designing vacuum systems.

Keywords:

Authors and contacts

Corresponding author:Wang Jie,wangjie1@xjtu.edu.cn; Wang Sheng,shengwang@xjtu.edu.cn;

Funds:Project supported by the Young Scientists Fund of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 11905170), the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (Grant No. XJH012019018), the Young Scientists Fund of the Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province, China(Grant No. 2020JQ-001), the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (Grant No. 2018M643667), the Shaanxi Provincial Postdoctoral Science Foundation, China (Grant No. 2018BSHEDZZ05), the Innovative Scientific Program of CNNC, the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No. 11775166), and the Guangdong Provincial Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation of China (Grant No. 2020B1515120035)

FullText HTML: translate this paragraph

References

[1]
[2]
[3]
[4]
[5]
[6]
[7]
[8]
[9]
[10]
[11]
[12]
[13]
[14]
[15]
[16]
[17]
[18]
[19]
[20]
[21]
[22]
[23]
[24]
[25]
[26]
[27]
[28]
[29]
[30]
[31]
[32]
[33]
[34]
[35]
[36]
[37]
[38]
[39]
[40]
[41]
[42]
[43]
[44]
[45]
[46]
[47]

Cited By

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

主要参数	LHC^[8]	FCC-hh^[7,9]	SPPC^[6]
质心系能量/TeV	14	100	75
环周长/km	28	100	100
二极磁场强度B/T	8.3	16	12
束流电流I/mA	580	500	730
SR线功率密度P/(W·m^–1)	0.22	35.4	12.8
临界光子能量 $ {\varepsilon }_{\rm{c}} $/eV	44	4269	1814
光子通量密度Γ/(m^-1·s^–1)	10¹⁷	1.7 × 10¹⁷	1.8 × 10¹⁷

DownLoad: CSV

气体种类	H₂	CH₄	CO	CO₂	O₂
$\eta ' _{ {\rm{r} }\;{\rm{max} } }$	0.55	0.4	0.04	0.45	0.04
$\eta '_{\rm{max} }$	0.55	0.04	0.04	0.04	0.04
$ {\kappa }_{\rm{max}} $	—	$ {\kappa }_{{{\rm{C}}{\rm{H}}}_{4}\stackrel{}{\to }2{{\rm{H}}}_{2}+{\rm{C}}}\approx 0.36 $	—	$ {\kappa }_{{{\rm{C}}{\rm{O}}}_{2}\stackrel{}{\to }{\rm{C}}{\rm{O}}+{\rm{O}}}\approx 0.41 $	—
$ {\chi }_{\rm{max}} $	$ {\chi }_{{{\rm{H}}}_{2}}\left({s}_{{{\rm{C}}{\rm{H}}}_{4}}\right)\approx 0.72 $	—	$ {\rm{\chi }}_{{\rm{C}}{\rm{O}}}\left({s}_{{{\rm{C}}{\rm{O}}}_{2}}+{s}_{{{\rm{C}}{\rm{H}}}_{4}}\right)\approx 0.41+0.36 $	—	$ {\chi }_{{{\rm{O}}}_{2}}\left({s}_{{{\rm{C}}{\rm{O}}}_{2}}\right)\approx 0.2 $

DownLoad: CSV

样品类型	反射率R	光电子产额${Y_{{\rm{pe}}}}$
LHC型铜样品(LHC)	0.75	0.25
锯齿形铜样品(ST)	0.07	0.08
激光刻蚀铜样品(LASE)	0.006	0.09

DownLoad: CSV

术语
A(cm²) 真空腔室轴向单位长度壁面面积
$u = {A_{\rm{c}}}{D_{\rm{k}}}$(cm⁴/s) 轴向单位长度真空流导
${A_{\rm{c}}}$(cm²) 真空腔室横截面积
V(cm³) 真空腔室体积
$C = \rho {k_{\rm{t}}}S$ (cm³/s) 束屏孔的抽气速率
v(cm/s) 平均分子速率
${D_{\rm{k}}}$(cm²/s) 努森扩散系数
α分子在壁面的黏附系数
${k_{\rm{t}}}$ 束屏开孔率(束屏抽气孔面积与束屏表面积之比)
Γ(photons/(s·m)) 光子通量密度
n(molecules/cm³) 气体体密度
η(molecules/photon) 一次解吸产额
$S = Av/4$(cm³/s) 壁面理想抽气速率
$\eta '$(molecules/photon) 二次解吸产额
s(molecules/cm²) 气体表面密度
ρ束屏孔的克劳辛系数

DownLoad: CSV

[1]
[2]
[3]
[4]
[5]
[6]
[7]
[8]
[9]
[10]
[11]
[12]
[13]
[14]
[15]
[16]
[17]
[18]
[19]
[20]
[21]
[22]
[23]
[24]
[25]
[26]
[27]
[28]
[29]
[30]
[31]
[32]
[33]
[34]
[35]
[36]
[37]
[38]
[39]
[40]
[41]
[42]
[43]
[44]
[45]
[46]
[47]

[1]	Wan Cheng-Liang, Pan Yu-Zhou, Zhu Li-Ping, Li Peng-Fei, Zhang Hao-Wen, Zhao Zhuo-Yan, Yuan Hua, Fan Xu-Hong, Sun Wen-Sheng, Du Zhan-Hui, Chen Qian, Cui Ying, Liao Tian-Fa, Wei Xiao-Hui, Wang Tian-Qi, Chen Xi-Meng, Li Gong-Ping, Reinhold Schuch, Zhang Hong-Qiang.Production and measurement of MeV proton microbeams in atmospheric environment based on glass capillary. Acta Physica Sinica, 2024, 73(10): 104101.doi:10.7498/aps.73.20240301
[2]	Wang Hui-Lin, Liao Yan-Lin, Zhao Yan, Zhang Wen, Chen Zheng-Gen.Simulation study of quasi-monoenergetic high-energy proton beam based on multiple laser beams driving. Acta Physica Sinica, 2023, 72(18): 184102.doi:10.7498/aps.72.20230313
[3]	He Min-Qing, Zhang Hua, Li Ming-Qiang, Peng Li, Zhou Cang-Tao.Proton beam energy deposition in fast ignition and production of protons on Shenguang II upgraded device. Acta Physica Sinica, 2023, 72(9): 095201.doi:10.7498/aps.72.20222005
[4]	Huang Hua, Li Jiang-Tao, Wang Qian-Nan, Meng Ling-Biao, Qi Wei, Hong Wei, Zhang Zhi-Meng, Zhang Bo, He Shu-Kai, Cui Bo, Wu Yi-Tong, Zhang Hang, Ji Liang-Liang, Zhou Wei-Min, Hu Jian-Bo.Experimental study on the dynamic compression of materials at XGIII facility by laser proton photography. Acta Physica Sinica, 2022, 71(19): 195202.doi:10.7498/aps.71.20220919
[5]	Wang Ji-Kang, Li Hua, Peng Yu-Fei, Li Xiao-Yan, Zhang Xin-Yu.Dynamic characteristics of proton exchange membrane fuel cell on a multiple time scale. Acta Physica Sinica, 2022, 71(15): 158802.doi:10.7498/aps.71.20212015
[6]	Zhu Jun-Gao, Lu Hai-Yang, Zhao Yuan, Lai Mei-Fu, Gu Yong-Li, Xu Shi-Xiang, Zhou Cang-Tao.Beamline design with weak-focusing magnetic field for applications of laser-driven proton beams. Acta Physica Sinica, 2022, 71(19): 194102.doi:10.7498/aps.71.20220599
[7]	Dong Xu, Huang Yong-Sheng, Tang Guang-Yi, Chen Shan-Hong, Si Mei-Yu, Zhang Jian-Yong.Circular electron-positron collider beam energy measurement scheme based on microwave-electronic Compton backscattering. Acta Physica Sinica, 2021, 70(13): 131301.doi:10.7498/aps.70.20202081
[8]	Fan Jia-Kun, Wang Jie, Gao Yong, You Zhi-Ming, Wang Sheng, Zhang Jing, Hu Yao-Cheng, Xu Zhang-Lian, Wang Bin.Thermal-structural coupling analysis of beam screen in super proton-proton collider. Acta Physica Sinica, 2021, 70(1): 012901.doi:10.7498/aps.70.20200830
[9]	Li Ang, Yu Jin-Qing, Chen Yu-Qing, Yan Xue-Qing.Numerical method of electron-positron pairs generation in photon-photon collider. Acta Physica Sinica, 2020, 69(1): 019501.doi:10.7498/aps.69.20190729
[10]	Bai Xiong-Fei, Niu Shu-Tong, Zhou Wang, Wang Guang-Yi, Pan Peng, Fang Xing, Chen Xi-Meng, Shao Jian-Xiong.Dynamic evolution of 20-keV H+ transmitted through polycarbonate nanocapillaries. Acta Physica Sinica, 2017, 66(9): 093401.doi:10.7498/aps.66.093401
[11]	Yang Si-Qian, Zhou Wei-Min, Wang Si-Ming, Jiao Jin-Long, Zhang Zhi-Meng, Cao Lei-Feng, Gu Yu-Qiu, Zhang Bao-Han.Focusing effect of channel target on ultra-intense laser-accelerated proton beam. Acta Physica Sinica, 2017, 66(18): 184101.doi:10.7498/aps.66.184101
[12]	Zhang Ning, Zhang Xin, Yang Ai-Xiang, Ba De-Dong, Feng Zhan-Zu, Chen Yi-Feng, Shao Jian-Xiong, Chen Xi-Meng.Damage effects of proton beam irradiation on single layer graphene. Acta Physica Sinica, 2017, 66(2): 026103.doi:10.7498/aps.66.026103
[13]	Deng Jia-Chuan, Zhao Yong-Tao, Cheng Rui, Zhou Xian-Ming, Peng Hai-Bo, Wang Yu-Yu, Lei Yu, Liu Shi-Dong, Sun Yuan-Bo, Ren Jie-Ru, Xiao Jia-Hao, Ma Li-Dong, Xiao Guo-Qing, R. Gavrilin, S. Savin, A. Golubev, D. H. H. Hoffmann.Investigation on the energy loss in low energy protons interacting with hydrogen plasma. Acta Physica Sinica, 2015, 64(14): 145202.doi:10.7498/aps.64.145202
[14]	Teng Jian, Zhu Bin, Wang Jian, Hong Wei, Yan Yong-Hong, Zhao Zong-Qing, Cao Lei-Feng, Gu Yu-Qiu.Simulation of electromagnetic soliton radiography under laser-produced proton beam. Acta Physica Sinica, 2013, 62(11): 114103.doi:10.7498/aps.62.114103
[15]	Xie Zhao, Zou Lian, Hou Qing, Zheng Xia.Study of inhomogeneous tissue equivalent water thickness correction method in proton therapy. Acta Physica Sinica, 2013, 62(6): 068701.doi:10.7498/aps.62.068701
[16]	Yu Jin-Qing, Zhou Wei-Min, Jin Xiao-Lin, Li Bin, Zhao Zong-Qing, Cao Lei-Feng, Dong Ke-Gong, Liu Dong-Xiao, Fan Wei, Wei Lai, Yan Yong-Hong, Qian Feng, Yang Zu-Hua, Hong Wei, Gu Yu-Qiu.The effect of the proton layer initial size on the proton beam characteristic in target normal sheath acceleration. Acta Physica Sinica, 2012, 61(17): 175202.doi:10.7498/aps.61.175202
[17]	Xia Hai-Hong, Zhang Zhong-Bing, Liu Lin-Yue, Ouyang Xiao-Ping, Chen Liang, Wang Qun-Shu, Wang Lan, Ma Yan-Liang, Pan Hong-Bo.Accurate measurements of high energy proton beam by secondary electron compensation. Acta Physica Sinica, 2010, 59(8): 5369-5373.doi:10.7498/aps.59.5369
[18]	Ju Zhi-Ping, Cao Wu-Fei, Liu Xiao-Wei.Study of proton beam spreading for a solid beam stopper double scattering method using Monte Carlo simulation. Acta Physica Sinica, 2010, 59(1): 199-202.doi:10.7498/aps.59.199
[19]	Huang Jin-Shu, Luo Peng-Hui, Lu Gong-Ru.Bottom quark pair production in γγ collision. Acta Physica Sinica, 2009, 58(12): 8166-8173.doi:10.7498/aps.58.8166
[20]	FENG XUN-LI, HE LIN-SHENG, LIU YONG-LIANG.ANTIBUNCHING EFFECT OF TWO PHOTON FLUORESCENT LIGHT FOR A TWO LEVEL ATOM IN A SQUEEZED VACUUM. Acta Physica Sinica, 1997, 46(9): 1718-1724.doi:10.7498/aps.46.1718

Catalog

Vol. 70, Issue 16 - 2021-08-20

Metrics

Abstract views:3691
PDF Downloads:56
Cited By:0

Search

Article