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In recent years, wearable electronics has received extensive attention, providing new opportunities for implementing health monitoring, human disease diagnosis and treatment, and intelligent robotics. Sensor is one of the key components of wearable electronics. Silk (Bombyx Mori) material shows unique features including high yield, excellent tensile strength (0.5–1.3 GPa) and toughness ((6–16) × 10 4J/kg), good biocompatibility, programmable/controllable biodegradability, novel dielectric properties, and various material formats. With the rapid development of biomaterials and related manufacturing technologies, advanced silk-based materials have been studied and applied to wearable sensors. Here, we firstly introduce the five-level structure of silk fibroin from bottom to top and characteristics of silk-based advanced materials, and then review the research progress of silk-based advanced materials in wearable sensors in recent years, including mechanical sensors, electrophysiological sensors, temperature sensors and humidity sensors. The working mechanism, structure and performance of different sensors, the role of silk proteins in them, and their applications in health monitoring are discussed and summarized. Finally, the challenges and future prospects of silk-based wearable sensors in practical applications are put forward.
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Keywords:
- silk fiber/
- silk fibroin/
- wearable sensor/
- mesoscopic reconstruction
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传感器类型 传感材料 基底材料 信号 应用 文献 应变 蚕丝纤维和Gr Ecoflex 电阻 关节运动 [34] 应变 碳化的丝织物 Ecoflex 电阻 人体运动 [65] 应变 PSB PSB 电阻 手指运动 [67] 应变 Ag NWs RSF膜 电流 人体运动 [68] 压力 CSFM PDMS 电流 脉搏运动 [35] 应变+压力 Ag NFs和Ecoflex RSF膜 电容 手臂运动 [37] 压力 蚕丝纤维和Ag NWs Ecoflex 电容 智能织物 [69] 压力 rGO 蚕丝织物 电阻 脉搏运动 [48] 压力 Ag NWs 蚕丝织物 电容 手臂运动 [38] 电生理 Au RSF膜 电阻 肌电图 [36] 电生理 Ag/AgCl RSF水凝胶 电压 心电图 [72] 电生理 Ag NWs RSF水凝胶 电压 心电图 [73] 温度+压力 碳化的丝纤维 PET 电阻 电子皮肤 [74] 温度 离子液体和丝纤维 Ecoflex 电阻 智能织物 [69] 温度+加热器 Ag NFs + Pt RSF膜 电阻 电子皮肤 [39] 湿度 Gr RSF膜 电阻 表皮电子 [75] 应变+湿度+温度 IDE (Ag NWs) RSF膜 电容 呼吸监测 [81] 
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