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Abstract

Due to the excellent pyroelectric properties, ferroelectric ceramics containing lead element are widely used as sensitive materials in pyroelectric infrared detectors at present. The research and development of lead-free ferroelectric ceramics for this kind of detector has become a hot research spot in the areas of dielectric physics and materials in recent years. In this article, the recent research progress of the pyroelectric effect in series of important lead-free ferroelectric ceramic systems is reviewed, including barium titanate, sodium bismuth titanate, potassium sodium niobite, barium strontium niobite, etc. The methods of enhancing the pyroelectric effect are summarized, including doping modification, phase boundary design, process improvement, etc. Through comparative analysis of the relationship between pyroelectric properties and depolarization temperatures of different systems, it is concluded that bismuth sodium titanate based ceramics are the most potential lead-free materials in the future. The prospective research work of lead-free ferroelectric ceramics for infrared detection is also suggested.

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Authors and contacts

Corresponding author:Wang Gen-Shui,genshuiwang@mail.sic.ac.cn; Dong Xian-Lin,xldong@mail.sic.ac.cn

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材料组成	热释电系数/ 10^–4C·m^–2·K^–1	介电常数	介电损耗	居里温度/℃	F_i/pm·V^–1	F_v/m²·C^–1	F_d/µPa^–1/2	文献
BaTiO₃	2.00	1200		120	80	0.0080	4.20	[28]
Ba_0.95Ca_0.05TiO₃	～2.00			113				[29]
Ba_0.90Sr_0.10TiO₃	4.70	1088	0.016	108		0.0173		[30]
Ba_0.80Sr_0.20TiO₃	4.20	1419	0.018	77		0.0118		[30]
BaSn_0.05Ti_0.95O₃	4.32	2520	0.029	77	228	0.0100	8.20	[35]
Porous BaSn_0.05Ti_0.95O₃	5.57	2180	0.035	/	355	0.01800	22.00	[35]
BaZr_0.025Ti_0.975O₃	7.50			105				[36]
BaCe_0.10Ti_0.90O₃	7.82			83	339	0.0110	10.39	[37]
0.5Ba(Zr_0.2Ti_0.8)O₃-0.5(Ba_0.7Ca_0.3)TiO₃	5.84			93				[32]
(Ba_0.85Ca_0.15)(Zr_0.1Ti_0.9)O₃-1 wt%Li	8.60	2590	0.033	79	407.6	0.0150	15.80	[43]
(Ba_0.85Sr_0.15)(Zr_0.1Ti_0.9)O₃	14.00	4691	0.041	46	600	0.0150	14.50	[45]
(Ba_0.84Ca_0.15Sr_0.01)(Zr_0.09Ti_0.9Sn_0.01)O₃	11.70	4200	0.020	83	479	0.0130	18.10	[44]
Modified PZT	3.80	290	0.003	230	152	0.0600	58.00	[15]
Modified PT	3.80	220	0.011	255	152	0.0800	33.00	[15]
PMN-PZT	3.56	218	0.007	226	142	0.0741	59.30	[12]

DownLoad: CSV

材料组成	热释电系数/10^–4C·m^–2·K^–1	介电常数	介电损耗	居里温度/℃	退极化温度/℃	F_i/pm·V^–1	F_v/m²·C^–1	F_d/µPa^–1/2	文献
(Bi_0.5Na_0.5)TiO₃	2.50			320	200				[49]
0.94BNT-0.06BT	3.15	396	0.0436		115	112	0.0210	9.080	[50]
0.94(Bi_0.52Na_0.52)TiO₃-0.06BT	6.99				55	250	0.0470	16.630	[50]
0.94BNT-0.06BT-0.005La+0.002Ta	12.92	671	0.0472		40	461	0.0780	2.760	[54]
0.94BNT-0.06BT-0.005La	7.42				69	265	0.0480	1.400	[52]
0.94BNT-0.06Ba_1.02TiO₃	3.54				85	124	0.0095	8.300	[51]
0.80BNT-0.20BT	2.42				209		0.0268	15.300	[55]
0.93BNT-0.07Ba(Zr_0.055Ti_0.945)O₃	5.70				87	203	0.0220	10.500	[56]
0.93BNT-0.07Ba(Zr_0.055Ti_0.945)O₃-0.00125Mn	6.10			～300	72	217	0.0230	12.600	[58]
0.94BNT-0.06Ba(Zr_0.25Ti_0.75)O₃	27.20	1462	0.0460	300	38		0.0750		[57]
0.95(0.95BNT-0.05BKT)-0.05BT	3.25	853	0.0278			1945	0.0260	13.430	[52]
0.95(0.94BNT-0.016BLT-0.05BKT)-0.05BT	3.60	858	0.0294			221	0.0290	14.750	[52]
0.82BNT-0.18BKT-0.008Mn	17.00	605	0.0160	～350	～150			65.600	[53]
0.88BNT-0.084BKT-0.036BT	3.66	933	0.0235	301	165	215	0.0260	15.408	[61]
0.98BNT-0.02BA	3.87	330	0.0110	～300	190	138	0.0471	23.300	[66]
0.98(0.98BNT-0.02BA)-0.02NN	7.48	372	0.0110	～300	155	266	0.0807	42.200	[66]
0.97(0.99BNT-0.01BA)-0.03KNN	3.70	512	0.0290	282	118	132	0.0289	11.500	[67]
0.98(0.98BNT-0.02BA)-0.02KNN	8.42	880	0.0400	～280		303	0.0390	17.200	[68]
0.715BNT-0.22ST-0.065BT-0.4 wt%glass	6.80	734	0.1430	157	/		0.0370	8.850	[65]
0.98BNT-0.02BN	4.42	465	0.0080		195	171	0.0382	27.400	[64]
0.97BNT-0.03BNN	5.60	549	0.0090		143	217	0.041	30.100	[64]

DownLoad: CSV

材料组成	热释电系数/ 10^–4C·m^–2·K^–1	介电常数	介电损耗	居里温度/℃	退极化温度/℃	F_i/pm·V^–1	F_v/m²·C^–1	F_d/µPa^–1/2	文献
KNN	1.40	472		410					[92]
0.97KNN-0.03BKT+0.8 wt%MnO	2.21	1277	0.031	～350		90.07	0.0080	4.81	[93]
0.97KNN-0.03BKT+2 wt%MnO	2.18	980	0.035	～350		99.4	0.0114	5.71	[93]
0.96(K_0.5N_0.5)(Nb_0.8Ta_0.2)O₃-0.04Li(Nb_0.8Ta_0.2)O₃	1.65	1230	0.018			123.5	0.0110	8.82	[62]
0.96(K_0.5N_0.5)(Nb_0.84Ta_0.1Sb_0.06)O₃-0.04Li(Nb_0.84Ta_0.1Sb_0.06)O₃	1.90	1520	0.018			93.1	0.0070	5.98	[62]
0.95(K_0.45Na_0.55) NbO₃-0.05LiSbO₃	15.00	891			35				[94]
NaNbO₃-0.01MnO-0.005Bi₂O₃	1.85				270	67	0.0333	53.20	[96]
0.85NaNbO₃-0.15Ba_0.6(Bi_0.5Na_0.5)_0.4TiO₃	3.11	1151	0.016		110	104	0.0102	8.10	[95]
0.95AgNbO₃-0.05LiTaO₃	3.68	252	0.022		130	138	0.0602	19.70	[97]

DownLoad: CSV

材料组成	热释电系数 /10^–4C·m^–2·K^–1	介电常数	介电损耗	居里温度/℃	F_i/pm·V^–1	F_v/m²·C^–1	F_d/µPa^–1/2	文献
Sr_0.5Ba_0.5Nb₂O₆	2.00			84				[71]
Gd_0.01Sr_0.515Ba_0.47Nb₂O₆	2.85	2480		149			4.5	[74]
(K_0.5Na_0.5)_2.3(Sr_0.6Ba_0.4)_3.85Nb₁₀O₃₀	2.11	～1600		227			14.1	[76]
Ca_0.15(Sr_0.5Ba_0.5)_0.85Nb₂O₆	3.61	933	0.0270	～90	172	0.0210	11.5	[80]
Sr_0.525Ca_0.125Ba_0.35Nb₂O₆	2.37			～50				[81]
Ca_0.2Sr_0.1Ba_0.7Nb₂O₆	1.24			217	60	0.0203	6.1	[82]
Sr_0.53Ba_0.47Nb₂O₆H.F(⊥)	5.10	980	0.0180	～105	230	0.0281	18.7	[84]
Sr_0.53Ba_0.47Nb₂O₆H.F(//)	4.00	468	0.0050	～115	189	0.0456	40.6	[84]
Sr_0.53Ba_0.47Nb₂O₆TGG(⊥)	2.90	770	0.0360	148				[86]
Sr_0.3Ba_0.7Nb₂O₆O.F	0.71	491	0.0469	163	34	0.0078	2.4	[90]
Sr_0.3Ba_0.7Nb₂O₆H.P(200 MPa⊥)	2.38	676	0.0534	163	113	0.0189	6.3	[90]

DownLoad: CSV

材料组成	热释电系数 /10^–4C·m^–2·K^–1	介电常数	介电损耗	居里温度/℃	F_i/pm·V^–1	F_v/m²·C^–1	F_d/µPa^–1/2	文献
(NaBi)Bi₄Ti₄O₁₅+1 wt%MnCO₃(O.F)	0.560	140	0.0029	658	18.70	0.015	9.88	[102]
(NaBi)Bi₄Ti₄O₁₅+1 wt%MnCO₃(H.F)	1.300	149	0.0032	660	43.50	0.033	21.1	[102]
(NaBi)_0.95Ca_0.05Bi₄Ti₄O₁₅+1 wt%MnCO₃(O.F)	0.820	148	0.0016	680	29.10	0.027	63.5	[102]
(NaBi)_0.95Ca_0.05Bi₄Ti₄O₁₅+1 wt%MnCO₃(H.F)	1.000	134	0.0017	665	35.20	0.032	78.4	[102]
Sr_1.1Bi_3.9Ti_3.9Ta_0.1O₁₅+0.5 wt%MnCO₃	1.300	190	0.0010	～520		0.030	40.0	[100]
CaBi₄Ti₄O₁₅	0.359	145	0.0080	790	14.74	0.012	4.6	[99]
CaBi₄Ti_3.95Nb_0.05O₁₅	0.440	136	0.0060	790	18.07	0.015	6.7	[99]
CaBi₄Ti₄O₁₅+0.2 wt%MnO₂	0.582	130	0.0050	790	23.90	0.021	10.0	[99]
CaBi₄Ti_3.95Nb_0.05O₁₅+0.2 wt%MnO₂	0.844	99	0.0020	790	34.65	0.040	24.4	[99]
Bi₄Ti_2.9W_0.1O₁₂-0.04%Mn	0.571	147	0.0030	655				[101]

DownLoad: CSV

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Vol. 69, Issue 12 - 2020-06-20

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