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在基于零差探测的水下连续变量量子密钥分发系统中, 测量基选择是必不可少的步骤. 然而在实际中, 接收端数模转换器的带宽有限, 这会导致测量基选择出现缺陷, 即接收方无法在相位调制器上精确地调制出相应的相位角来进行测量基选择以实施零差探测. 非理想测量基选择会引入额外的过噪声, 影响水下连续变量量子密钥分发方案的安全性. 针对这个问题, 本文提出, 详细分析非理想测量基选择对水下连续变量量子密钥分发系统性能的影响. 研究结果表明, 由非理想测量基选择所引入的过噪声能够降低水下高斯调制量子密钥分发的密钥率与最大传输距离, 因而降低系统的安全性. 为了实现可靠的水下连续变量量子密钥分发, 本文对非理想测量基选择所引入的额外过噪声进行定量分析并获得其安全界限, 并且考虑不同海水深度对所提出方案安全界限的影响, 有效地解决由非理想测量基选择所带来的安全隐患. 此外, 对所提出的方案, 本文不仅考虑了其渐近安全性, 也考虑了其组合安全性, 后者能够获得比前者更紧的性能曲线. 本文所提出的方案旨在推动水下连续变量量子密钥分发系统的实用化进程, 为全球量子通信网络的水下通信中水信道参数的准确评估提供理论指导.
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关键词:
- 非理想测量基选择/
- 连续变量量子密钥分发/
- 海水信道/
- 海水深度
Measurement basis choice is an essential step in the underwater continuous variable quantum key distribution system based on homodyne detection. However, in practice, finite bandwidth of analog-to-digital converter on the receiver’s side is limited, which can result in defects in the measurement basis choice. That is, the receiver cannot accurately modulate the corresponding phase angle on the phase modulator for measurement basis choice to implement homodyne detection. The imperfect measurement basis choice will introduce extra excess noise, which affects the security of underwater continuous variable quantum key distribution scheme. To solve this problem, we propose an underwater continuous variable quantum key distribution scheme based on imperfect measurement basis choice, and analyze the influence of imperfect measurement basis choice on the performance of underwater continuous variable quantum key distribution system in detail. The research results indicate that the extra excess noise introduced by imperfect measurement basis choice can reduce the secret key rate and maximum transmission distance of the underwater Gaussian modulated quantum key distribution, thus reducing the security of the system. In order to achieve reliable underwater continuous variable quantum key distribution, we quantitatively analyze the extra excess noise introduced by choosing the imperfect measurement basis and obtain its security limit. Besides, we also consider the influence of different seawater depths on the security limit of the proposed scheme, effectively solving the security risks caused by the imperfect measurement basis choice. Furthermore, for the proposed scheme, we consider not only its asymptotic security case but also its composable security case, and the performance curves obtained in the latter are tighter than that achieved in the former. The proposed scheme aims to promote the practical process of underwater continuous variable quantum key distribution system and provide theoretical guidance for accurately evaluating the water channel parameters in underwater communication of global quantum communication networks.-
Keywords:
- imperfect measurement basis choice/
- continuous variable quantum key distribution/
- seawater channel/
- seawater depth
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