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摘要

针对远距离运动目标的光子测距问题, 建立了运动目标的光子探测回波概率分布模型, 给出了适用于任意目标的光子探测蒙特卡洛模型. 通过实验对比, 验证了蒙特卡洛仿真模型的正确性. 进一步分析了一个探测周期内的平动小矩形目标激光回波和光子回波概率分布变化规律, 讨论了光子测距误差与目标平动速度间的关系. 结果表明: 光斑直径为 $ {\text{2}}{\text{.5 m}} $ 、目标尺度为 $ {\text{1 m}} $ 时, 距离漂移在速度为 $ 25{\text{ m/s}} $ 取到极大值 $ 6.72{\text{ cm}} $ , 是扩展目标距离漂移的 $ 1/2 $ 倍; 随着平动速度的增加, 以出光斑为界, 距离漂移先增大后保持稳定不变. 本文提出的方法可进一步扩展到其他形状、材质、姿态、运动目标的光子探测, 研究结果为运动目标的光子测距的校正和性能的提升提供了理论依据.

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Abstract

The photon counting Lidar enhances the signal-to-noise ratio of the echo signal and reduces the number of photons required for signal analysis, thereby improving the detection range and measurement accuracy. At present, the photon counting Lidar is mainly used to detect stationary targets, and the mechanism of the influence of long-distance target motion characteristics on the photon echo probability distribution is still unclear. Therefore, it is urgent to study the photon ranging performance of long-distance moving targets. In this paper, the probability distribution model of photon detection echo of moving targets is established, and a Monte Carlo model for photon detection of arbitrary targets is given. Through experimental comparison, the correctness of the Monte Carlo simulation model is verified. Furthermore, the probability distribution characteristics of the laser echo and photon echo of a small rectangular target in translation within a detection period are compared. And the variation law of the probability distribution of photon detection under different translational speeds is analyzed. In addition, the relationship between the photon ranging error and the translational speed of the target is discussed. The results show that the photon echo probability distribution of the translational target is more forward and the width is narrower than the laser pulse echo probability distribution. Compared with the extended target, the detection probability of the translational small target is significantly reduced, and the maximum average echo photon number is $ 1/10 $ times that of the extended target, as a result, the photon detection of the translational target requires higher laser pulse energy. When the length of target is 1m, the range walk error reaches a maximum value at a speed of $25\;{\text{m/s}}$ , i.e. $6.72\;{\text{ cm}}$ , which is $ 1/2 $ times that of the extended target. With the increase of the translational speed, the range walk error first increases and then turns stable with the light spot acting as the boundary. The method proposed in this paper can be further extended to photon detection and ranging of targets with other shapes, materials and attitudes. The research results provide a theoretical basis for the correction and performance improvement of the photon ranging of moving target. Furthermore, it lays the foundation for the detection of moving targets and accurate acquisition of information by photon counting Lidar.

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作者及机构信息

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通信作者:胡以华,skl_hyh@163.com; 赵楠翔,southfly@163.com;

基金项目:国防科技大学科研计划项目(批准号: ZK18-01-02)和国家自然科学基金(批准号: 61871389)资助的课题

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Corresponding author:Hu Yi-Hua,skl_hyh@163.com; Zhao Nan-Xiang,southfly@163.com;

Funds:Project supported by the Scientific Research Program of National University of Defense Technology, China (Grant No. ZK 18-01-02), and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 61871389).

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参考文献

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下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

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