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摘要

将有效液滴模型和推广的液滴模型推广至半衰期研究, 发现这两个模型都能较好地再现双质子发射半衰期的实验数据. 基于这两个模型预言了一些核的激发态的双质子发射的半衰期, 为将来的实验提供参考, 并将上述半衰期与统一裂变模型给出的半衰期进行了比较和分析. 此外, 以 ⁹⁴Ag的21 ⁺激发态的双质子发射为例, 讨论了衰变能和衰变过程中带走的轨道角动量对其半衰期的影响, 发现半衰期对它们的依赖很敏感, 半衰期对衰变能的强烈依赖表明了精确测量核质量和激发能的重要性和必要性.

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Abstract

The effective liquid drop model (ELDM) and the generalized liquid drop model (GLDM) are extended to the case of studying the two-proton (2p) radioactivity from the excited states of proton-rich nuclei. It is shown that the experimental 2p decay half-lives are reproduced well by the ELDM and the GLDM. Then, the 2p decay half-lives of excited states of some nuclei that are not yet available experimentally are predicted by the two models, which are useful for searching for the new 2p decay candidates in future. Meanwhile, the above predicted half-lives are analyzed and compared with those given by the unified fission model (UFM). Next, the influence of the uncertainties of the decay energy and the angular momentum on the half-lives are analyzed in the frame of the two models by taking the 2p radioactivity of the 21 ⁺isomeric state of ⁹⁴Ag for example. It is found that the half-lives go up with the increase of the angular momentum, following the law of the quadratic function. Furthermore, the strong dependence of the half-lives on the decay energy suggests that it is important and necessary to measure accurately the mass value of the parent nucleus and the daughter nucleus and the excitation energy. Finally, it is necessary to point out that the existence of the 2p radioactivity in the 21 ⁺isomeric state of ⁹⁴Ag remains to be a mystery. Moreover, although the 2p radioactivity is observed from the higher excited states of ¹⁷Ne and ¹⁸Ne, the relevant hypotheses have not yet been further tested experimentally. The construction of a new generation of radioactive ion beam facilities, such as the high intensity heavy-ion accelerator facility (HIAF), is expected to be used to uncover the nature of the 2p radioactivity in the 21 ⁺isomeric state of ⁹⁴Ag and further test the hypotheses of the 2p decay from the higher excited states of ¹⁷Ne and ¹⁸Ne. On the other hand, some microscopic models, such as the shell model, need to be further developed by including some necessary physical factors, such as the tensor force, three-body force and accurate pairing force, to describe the mechanism of the 2p emission of the excited states more reasonably. In summary, more nuclear structure information can be extracted by studying the 2p radioactivity of the excited states. It is worth studying further although it is rather difficult to observe.

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作者及机构信息

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通信作者:王艳召,yanzhaowang09@126.com; 顾建中,jzgu1963@ciae.ac.cn

基金项目:国家自然科学基金(批准号: U1832120, 11675265)、河北省自然科学基金(批准号: A2020210012, A2021210010)、稳定基础支持项目(批准号: WDJC-2019-13)和领创科研项目(批准号: LC192209000701)资助的课题

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Corresponding author:Wang Yan-Zhao,yanzhaowang09@126.com; Gu Jian-Zhong,jzgu1963@ciae.ac.cn

Funds:Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. U1832120, 11675265), the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province, China (Grant Nos. A2020210012, A2021210010), the Continuous Basic Scientific Research Project, China (Grant No. WDJC-2019-13), and the Leading Innovation Project, China (Grant No. LC192209000701).

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参考文献

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施引文献

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

母核	子核	$J_{\text{i}}^{\text{π }}$	$J_{\text{f}}^{\text{π }}$	l	Q^Exp./MeV	${\lg}{T_{1/2} }/{\text{s} }$
母核	子核	$J_{\text{i}}^{\text{π }}$	$J_{\text{f}}^{\text{π }}$	l	Q^Exp./MeV	Exp.	ELDM	GLDM	UFM^[51]
¹⁴O*	¹²C	2⁺	0⁺	2	1.20^[8]	>–16.12^[8]	–15.49	–16.10	–16.02
		2⁺	0⁺	2	3.15^[8]		–18.22	–19.58	–18.87
		4⁺	0⁺	4	3.35^[8]		–16.25	–16.76	–15.96
¹⁷Ne*	¹⁵O	3/2^–	1/2^–	2	0.35^[9,10]	>–10.59^[10]	–6.98	–6.79	–7.11
		5/2^–	1/2^–	2	0.82^[9,10]		–12.41	–12.68	–12.73
		1/2⁺	1/2^–	1	0.97^[9,10]		–14.20	–14.68	–14.69
¹⁸Ne*	¹⁶O	2⁺	0⁺	2	0.59^[11]		–10.59	–10.96	–10.91
¹⁸Ne*	¹⁶O	1^–	0⁺	1	1.63^[11]	$ -16.15^{+0.06}_{-0.06} $^[11,12]	–16.34	–17.20	–16.79
²²Mg*	²⁰Ne	—	0⁺	0	6.11^[52,53]		–19.75	–19.58	–18.97
²⁹S*	²⁷Si	—	0⁺	0	1.72—2.52^[54]		–15.5— –13.4	–17.2— –14.7	–16.4— –14.3
²⁹S*	²⁷Si	—	0⁺	0	4.32—5.12^[54]		–18.4— –17.8	–19.2— –18.8	–18.9— –18.5
⁹⁴Ag*	⁹²Rh*	21⁺	11⁺	6—10	1.90^[55]	$ 1.90^{+0.38}_{-0.20} $^[55]	9.42—14.63	8.22—13.38	9.38—15.21
					1.98^[56]		8.61—13.80	7.41—12.55	8.56—14.37
					2.05^[56]		7.95—13.11	6.74—11.86	7.89—13.68
					3.45^[56]		–0.80—4.04	–2.03—2.75	–0.92—4.56

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