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自石墨烯被发现以来, 二维材料因其优异的特性获得了持续且深入的探索与发展, 以石墨烯、六方氮化硼、过渡金属硫化物、黑磷等为代表的二维材料相关研究层出不穷. 随着二维新材料制备与应用探索的不断发展, 单一材料性能的不足逐渐凸显, 研究者们开始考虑采用平面拼接和层间堆垛所产生的协同效应来弥补单一材料的不足, 甚至获得一些新的性能. 利用二维材料晶格结构的匹配构建异质结, 实现特定的功能化, 或利用范德瓦耳斯力进行堆垛, 将不同二维材料排列组合, 从而在体系里引入新的自由度, 为二维材料的性质研究和实际应用打开了新的窗口. 本文从原子制造角度, 介绍了二维平面和范德瓦耳斯异质结材料的可控制备和光电应用. 首先简要介绍了应用于异质结制备的常见二维材料的分类及异质结的相关概念, 然后从原理上分类列举了常用的表征方法, 随后介绍了平面和垂直异质结的制备方法, 并对其光电性质及器件应用做了简要介绍. 最后, 对领域内存在的问题进行了讨论, 对未来发展方向做出了展望.
Since the discovery of graphene, two-dimensional (2D) materials have received continuous attention and carried out in-depth exploration and development due to their excellent properties. With the exploration of the preparation of new 2D materials, one began to consider the synergistic effects produced by the in-plane junction and interlayer stacking to compensate for the defects of a single material and obtain some new properties. Matching the lattice structure to achieve specific functionalization, or using van der Waals force to achieve stacking, helps to introduce a new degree of freedom by combining different 2D materials, and open a new window for the research and practical application of 2D materials. From the perspective of atomic manufacturing, in this article we introduce the controllable preparation and optoelectronic applications of 2D planar and van der Waals heterojunction materials. First, we briefly introduce the common 2D materials such as graphene, hexagonal boron nitride, transition metal dichalcogenides and black phosphorus used in the preparation of heterojunctions and related concepts of heterojunctions. Second, we review, in principle, the commonly used characterization methods including scanning probe-based techniques, spectrum-based, electron-based imaging techniques and others. Third, we summarize the preparation methods of planar and vertical heterojunctions. Basically, mechanical transfer method such as wet or dry method can be used to produce various vertical heterostructures of 2D materials, but usually lack the scalability. On the other hand, chemical vapor deposition method provides a scalable route to producing the planar heterostructure and vertical structure of 2D materials. Several strategies have been developed to produce various heterostructures. In addition, the recent development of twist-angle and quasi-crystalline bi-layer graphene is briefly reviewed. Fourth, the properties and applications of 2D van der Waals heterostructures such as field-effect transistor, light emitting diode, solar cell, flexible optoelectronic devices and plasmonic applications are introduced. Finally, the problems in the field are discussed, and the outlook is provided. [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [9] [10] [11] [12] [13] [14] [15] [16] [17] [18] [19] [20] [21] [22] [23] [24] [25] [26] [27] [28] [29] [30] [31] [32] [33] [34] [35] [36] [37] [38] [39] [40] [41] [42] [43] [44] [45] [46] [47] [48] [49] [50] [51] [52] [53] [54] [55] [56] [57] [58] [59] [60] [61] [62] [63] [64] [65] [66] [67] [68] [69] [70] [71] [72] [73] [74] [75] [76] [77] [78] [79] [80] [81] [82] [83] [84] [85] [86] [87] [88] [89] [90] [91] [92] [93] [94] [95] [96] [97] [98] [99] [100] [101] [102] [103] [104] [105] [106] [107] [108] [109] [110] [111] [112] [113] [114] [115] [116] [117] [118] [119] [120] [121] [122] [123] [124] [125] [126] [127] [128] [129] [130] [131] [132] [133] [134] [135] [136] [137] [138] [139] [140] [141] [142] [143] [144] [145] [146] [147] [148] [149] [150] [151] [152] [153] [154] [155] [156] [157] [158] [159] [160] [161] [162] [163] [164] [165] [166] [167] [168] [169] [170] [171] [172] [173] [174] [175] [176] [177] [178] [179] [180] [181] [182] [183] [184] [185] [186] [187] [188] [189] -
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