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摘要

测量了Ge-As-S系列硫系玻璃在中红外波段的飞秒激光损伤阈值, 研究了它与玻璃化学组成的关系. 基于优化的玻璃组成, 采用棒管法制备了芯径为15 μm的阶跃折射率非线性光纤. 采用飞秒脉冲抽运光纤, 研究了光纤中超连续谱(supercontinuum, SC)的产生特性. 在研究的Ge-As-S硫系玻璃中, 具有化学计量配比的Ge _0.25As _0.1S _0.65玻璃显示出最高的激光损伤阈值. 以该玻璃作为纤芯材料、以与其相匹配的Ge _0.26As _0.08S _0.66玻璃作为包层材料制备的光纤的数值孔径约为0.24, 背景损耗 < 2 dB/m. 采用4.8 μm的飞秒激光抽运长度为10 cm的光纤, 获得了覆盖2.5—7.5 μm的SC. 这些结果表明, Ge-As-S硫系玻璃光纤是一种有潜力的中红外高亮度宽带SC产生的非线性介质.

关键词:

Abstract

High-brightness broadband mid-infrared supercontinuum sources are highly demanded for many applications such as remote sensing, environmental monitoring, manufacturing industry, medical surgery and thermal imaging. For fulfilling these applications, high average power output is required. Compared with all other mid-infrared glass fibers, chalcogenide glass fiber possesses low phonon energy, long wavelength transmission edge, and high Kerr nonlinearity, thereby becoming a uniquely ideal nonlinear optical material for generating broadband mid-infrared supercontinuum. Unfortunately, due to weak chemical bonds forming the glass network, the commonly used As-S chalcogenide glass has a relatively low laser damage threshold. Thus from the material aspect, it limits high power yielded from a chalcogenide fiber based mid-infrared supercontinuum source. A chalcogenide glass host with enhanced laser damage threshold is therefore needed for further power scaling up of such a mid-infrared fiber supercontinuum. In this work, we introduce germanium into a traditional As-S glass system. The laser damage threshold of Ge-As-S glass is investigated systematically. A 3.6-μm femtosecond laser is employed as an excitation source. The relationship between the laser damage threshold and the glass composition indicates that of the studied Ge-As-S chalcogenide glasses, stoichiometric Ge _0.25As _0.1S _0.65glass possesses the highest laser damage threshold. In the following fiber design and fabrication, the optimized stoichiometric Ge _0.25As _0.1S _0.65glass therefore is chosen as a core material of the designed fiber, while a compatible Ge _0.26As _0.08S _0.66glass is selected as a cladding material. A step-index nonlinear fiber with a core diameter of 15 μm is fabricated by the traditional rod-in-tube method. The numerical aperture and the background loss of the fabricated Ge _0.25As _0.1S _0.65/Ge _0.26As _0.08S _0.66fiber are ~0.24 and < 2 dB/m, respectively. Broadband mid-infrared supercontinuum is generated in the fiber by using an anomalous-dispersion pumping scheme. A 4.8-μm femtosecond laser with a pulse duration of 170 femtosecond and a repetition rate of 100 kHz is adopted as a pump source. The guidance of the fundamental mode is confirmed under low pump power level. With the increase of the pump power, the supercontinuum shows to be significantly broadened. Broadband supercontinuum ranging from 2.5 μm to 7.5 μm is generated in an only 10-cm-long fiber, when the maximum coupled pump power is 15 mW, equivalent to a peak power of 882 kW. The power output of the supercontinuum is 5.5 mW. All in all, the results indicate that the Ge-As-S chalcogenide glass fiber is a promising nonlinear medium for broadband mid-infrared supercontinuum sources with high brightness.

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作者及机构信息

通信作者:冯宪,xianfeng@jsnu.edu.cn; 杨志勇,yangzhiyong@jsnu.edu.cn

基金项目:国家自然科学基金(批准号: 61805109, 61575086)、江苏省自然科学基金青年基金项目(批准号: BK20170229)和江苏省高等学校自然科学研究面上项目(批准号: 18KJB180004)资助的课题

Authors and contacts

Corresponding author:Feng Xian,xianfeng@jsnu.edu.cn; Yang Zhi-Yong,yangzhiyong@jsnu.edu.cn

Funds:Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 61805109, 61575086), the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (Grant No. BK20170229), and the Natural Science Foundation of the Higher Education Institutions of Jiangsu Province (Grant No. 18KJB180004)

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参考文献

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施引文献

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

Composition	d_S/at. %	I_th/GW·cm^–2
Ge_0.1As_0.1S_0.8	45	462
Ge_0.15As_0.1S_0.75	30	498
Ge_0.1As_0.2S_0.7	20	550
Ge_0.2As_0.1S_0.7	15	589
Ge_0.15As_0.2S_0.65	5	609
Ge_0.25As_0.1S_0.65	0	638
Ge_0.2As_0.2S_0.6	–10	530
Ge_0.3As_0.1S_0.6	–15	465
Ge_0.25As_0.20S_0.55	–25	425
Ge_0.35As_0.1S_0.55	–30	392
Ge_0.3As_0.2S_0.5	–40	350

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