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摘要

在长距离高精度光纤时间同步系统中, 为了减少后向反射光与光纤色散对传输精度的影响, 本文在双波长光纤时间同步传输方法之上, 提出了一种具有色散误差修正功能的双波长光纤时间同步传输方法. 以自行研制的工程样机在长度约为800 km的实验室光纤链路上和1085 km的实地光纤链路上进行了实验测试, 也是国内首次实现千公里级实地光纤时间同步传输. 在实验室光纤链路上, 测得传输链路色散补偿后的色散时延误差为10 ps, 时间同步标准差为5.7 ps, 稳定度为1.12 ps@10 ⁵s, 不确定度为18.4 ps. 在实地光纤链路上, 测得传输链路色散补偿后的色散时延误差为60 ps, 时间同步标准差为18 ps, 稳定度为5.4 ps@4 × 10 ⁴s, 不确定度为63.5 ps.

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Abstract

To reduce the influence of fiber dispersion on accuracy of fiber-based time synchronization, a method of dispersion-error corrected dual-wavelength time synchronization is proposed in this paper. Specificlly, the method is to measure the dispersion coefficient of the fiber link, and then input it to each remote terminal, the time delay error caused by the fiber dispersion is eliminated through the delay phase controller. With the self-developed engineering prototypes, the experimental verifications are subsequently made both in laboratory and real field. Before the test, 16 devices of time synchronization are connected in series for calibration. The time synchronization system is able to keep delay difference within ± 15 ps after being calibrated. In the laboratory, the experimental setup is built by cascading 16 rolls of 50km-long fiber coils, and the total length of the fiber link is 800 km. The experimental results show that the dispersion coefficient of 800 km fiber link is 13.36 ps/(km·nm), and the delay error caused by dispersion is maintained within 10 ps after correction. The stability of the time transfer is 5.7 ps in standard deviation and the time deviation is 1.12 ps at an averaging time of 100000 s. In the real field test, a 1085-km-long field fiber link is utilized, along which 16 self-developed time-frequency transceiversare set at the cascaded fiber-optic stations. After being corrected with a dispersion coefficient of 16.67 ps/(km·nm) for 1085 km urban fiber link, the time transfer is demonstrated to have a dispersion-caused delay error of 60 ps. The experimental results show that the time standard deviation is 18 ps and the time transfer instability is 9.2 ps at an averaging time of 1 s and 5.4 ps at an averaging time of 40000 s. Finally, the time uncertainty of 800-km-long laboratory optical fiber link and 1085-km-long urban optical fiber link are evaluated, and the time uncertainty is 18.4 ps and 63.5 ps, respectively. This work paves the way for constructing the time synchronization fiber network in China. To further reduce the delay error caused by dispersion in a long-distance time transfer link, the more accurate thermal control of the lasers should be adopted to reduce the shifts of forward and backward wavelengths.

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作者及机构信息

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通信作者:陈法喜,cfx2006xd@163.com; 赵侃,zhaokan@ntsc.ac.cn;

基金项目:国家重点研发计划(批准号: 2016YFF0200200)、国家自然科学基金(批准号: 91636101, 91836301, 11803041)、中国科学院战略先导B专项(批准号: XDB21000000)和广东省重点领域研发计划(批准号: 2018B030325001)资助的课题

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Corresponding author:Chen Fa-Xi,cfx2006xd@163.com; Zhao Kan,zhaokan@ntsc.ac.cn;

Funds:Project supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (Grant No. 2016YFF0200200), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 91636101, 91836301, 11803041), the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No. XDB21000000), and the Key R& D Program of Guangdong Province, China (Grant No. 2018B030325001)

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参考文献

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施引文献

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

编号	校准前/ps	校准后/ps	编号	校准前/ps	校准后/ps
1	2453	12	9	18354	7
2	4669	–5	10	20323	13
3	6056	10	11	22340	–11
4	8375	8	12	24098	6
5	9950	–10	13	25637	5
6	12144	9	14	28031	–8
7	13993	–6	15	29992	–12
8	16058	11	16	31862	8

下载: 导出CSV

距离/km	偏差/ps	色散系数/(ps·km^–1·ns^–1)	校准后/ps	距离/km	偏差/ps	色散系数/(ps·km^–1·ns^–1)	校准后/ps
50	267	13.45	19	450	2428	13.59	16
100	530	13.35	–5	500	2683	13.52	–19
150	799	13.41	–10	550	2946	13.49	–9
200	1070	13.47	15	600	3206	13.46	17
250	1341	13.53	–12	650	3466	13.43	18
300	1613	13.54	–14	700	3715	13.37	13
350	1891	13.61	–17	750	3996	13.42	16
400	2171	13.67	11	800	4243	13.36	10

下载: 导出CSV

编号	站点	距离/km	衰减/dB
1	临潼	0	0
2	二长	41.69	12
3	捞浴	72.75	21
4	筒车湾	81.90	21
5	洋县	76.50	19
6	汉中	60.48	16
7	勉县	60.55	16
8	宁强	73.20	19
9	勉县	73.20	19
10	宁强	74.32	19
11	勉县	74.32	19
12	汉中	60.55	16
13	洋县	60.48	16
14	筒车湾	76.50	19
15	捞浴	81.90	21
16	一长	72.75	21
17	临潼	41.69	12
总计		1085	287.5

下载: 导出CSV

误差源	误差估计值/ps
误差源	800 km 实验室光纤	1085 km 实地光纤
本地端和远程端设备时延温漂/$ {u}_{\mathrm{D}\mathrm{T}} $	6.0	12.0
时差测量的误差/$ {u}_{\mathrm{T}\mathrm{I}\mathrm{M}} $	10.0	10.0
激光器波长误差/$ {u}_{∆\lambda } $	8.0	13.6
光纤色散系数测量误差/${ {u}_{D} }_{{\rm{err}}}$	11.5	56.8
光纤色散系数温度漂移/$ {u}_{\Delta D} $	2.9	19.5
总不确定度	18.4	63.5

下载: 导出CSV

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