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摘要

金属卤化物钙钛矿太阳电池在近几年获得了巨大进展. 目前单结钙钛矿太阳电池转化效率已经达到25.2%. 经过带隙调整得到的1.63 eV及以上的宽带隙钙钛矿太阳电池是制备多结叠层太阳电池中顶部吸收层的最佳材料. 除高效叠层太阳电池外, 宽带隙钙钛矿在光伏建筑一体化以及光解水制氢等领域中也有着广阔的应用前景. 然而这种钙钛矿薄膜本身缺陷较多, 在光照下还容易发生卤素分离, 这也是限制宽带隙钙钛矿太阳电池发展的关键因素. 本文综述了目前宽带隙钙钛矿及太阳电池的发展现状, 最后对其未来发展前景进行了展望.

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Abstract

Organic-inorganic metal halide perovskites are a new type of photovoltaic material, they have attracted wide attention and made excellent progress in recent years. The power conversion efficiency of a single-junction perovskite solar cell has been increased to 25.2% just within a decade. Meanwhile, crystalline silicon solar cells account for nearly 90% of industrialized solar cells and have a maximum efficiency of 26.7%, approaching to their theoretical limit. It is more difficult to further improve the efficiency of single junction solar cells. It has been shown that multi-junction tandem solar cells prepared by stacking absorption layers with different bandgaps can better use sunlight, which is one of the most promising strategies to break the efficiency limitation of single-junction solar cells. Due to the bandgap tunability and low-temperature solution processability, perovskites stand out among many other materials for manufacturing multi-junction tandem solar cells. Wide bandgap perovskites with a bandgap of 1.63 eV or above have been combined with narrow band gap inorganic absorption layers such as silicon, copper indium gallium selenide, cadmium telluride or narrow bandgap perovskite to produce high efficiency tandem solar cells. In addition to the promoting of the efficiency improvement of solar cells, the wide bandgap perovskites have broad applications in photovoltaic building integration and photocatalytic fields. Therefore, it is very important to explore and develop high quality wide bandgap perovskite materials and solar cells. Unfortunately, the wide bandgap perovskites have several intrinsic weaknesses, including being more vulnerable to the migration of halogen ions under being illuminated, more defects, and greater possibility of energy level mismatching with the charge transport layers than the narrow bandgap counterparts, which limits the further development of the wide bandgap perovskite solar cells. In this review, the development status of wide bandgap perovskite solar cells is summarized and corresponding strategies for improving their performance are put forward. Furthermore, some personal views on the future development of wide bandgap perovskite solar cells are also presented here in this paper.

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作者及机构信息

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通信作者:张晓丹,xdzhang@nankai.edu.cn

基金项目:国家重点研发计划(批准号: 2018YFB1500103)、国家自然科学基金(批准号: 61674084)、高等学校学科创新引智计划(111 计划) (批准号: B16027)、天津市科技项目(批准号: 18ZXJMTG00220)和中央高校基本科研业务费(批准号: 63201171)资助的课题

Authors and contacts

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Corresponding author:Zhang Xiao-Dan,xdzhang@nankai.edu.cn

Funds:Project supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2018YFB1500103), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 61674084), the Overseas Expertise Introduction Project for Discipline Innovation of Higher Education of China (Grant No. B16027), the Science and Technology Project of Tianjin, China (Grant No. 18ZXJMTG00220), and the Fundamental Research Fund for the Central Universities, China (Grant No. 63201171)

文章全文: translate this paragraph

参考文献

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施引文献

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

Type	Perovskite	E_g/eV	V_OC/V	qV_OC/E_g	J_SC/mA·cm^–2	FF/%	PCE/%	Ref.
p-i-n	MAPbI_2.5Br_0.5	1.72	1.060	0.61	18.30	78.2	16.60	[35]
p-i-n	(FA_0.83MA_0.17)_0.95Cs_0.05Pb(I_0.6Br_0.4)₃	1.71	1.210	0.71	19.70	77.5	18.50	[36]
p-i-n	FA_0.6Cs_0.4Pb(I_0.7Br_0.3)₃	1.75	1.170	0.67	17.50	80.0	16.30	[37]
p-i-n	FA_0.83MA_0.17Pb(I_0.6Br_0.4)₃	1.72	1.150	0.67	19.40	77.0	17.20	[38]
p-i-n	FA_0.8Cs_0.2Pb(I_0.7Br_0.3)₃	1.75	1.240	0.71	17.92	81.9	18.19	[39]
p-i-n	(FA_0.65MA_0.20Cs_0.15)Pb(I_0.8Br_0.2)₃	1.68	1.170	0.70	21.20	79.8	19.50	[27]
p-i-n	Cs_0.15(FA_0.83MA_0.17)_0.85Pb(I_0.8Br_0.2)₃	1.64	1.190	0.73	19.50	80.2	18.60	[40]
p-i-n	CsPbI₃	1.73	1.160	0.67	17.70	78.6	16.10	[41]
p-i-n	CsPbI₂Br	1.80	1.230	0.67	15.26	78.0	15.19	[42]
p-i-n	FA_0.6Cs_0.3DMA_0.1PbI_2.4Br_0.6	1.70	1.200	0.70	19.60	82.0	19.40	[43]
p-i-n	FA_0.75Cs_0.25Pb(I_0.8Br_0.2)₃	1.68	1.217	0.72	20.18	83.6	20.42	[44]
p-i-n	(FA_0.65MA0_.2Cs_0.15)Pb(I_0.8Br_0.2)₃	1.67	1.200	0.72	NA	NA	20.70	[45]
p-i-n	(FA_0.64MA_0.20Cs_0.15)Pb_0.99(I_0.79Br_0.2)₃	1.68	1.196	0.71	21.65	81.5	21.00	[46]
n-i-p	Rb_0.05(FA_0.75MA_0.15Cs_0.1)_0.95PbI₂Br	1.73	1.120	0.71	19.40	73.0	15.90	[47]
n-i-p	FA_0.83Cs_0.17Pb(I_0.6Br_0.4)₃	1.75	1.160	0.66	18.27	78.5	16.28	[48]
n-i-p	FA_0.85Cs_0.15Pb(I_0.73Br_0.27)₃	1.72	1.240	0.72	19.83	73.7	18.13	[49]
n-i-p	FA_0.8Cs_0.2Pb(I_0.7Br_0.3)₃	1.75	1.250	0.71	18.53	79.0	18.27	[50]
n-i-p	MAPb(Br_0.2I_0.8)₃	1.72	1.120	0.65	17.30	82.3	15.90	[51]
n-i-p	K_0.1(Cs_0.06FA_0.79MA_0.15)_0.9Pb(I_0.4Br_0.6)₃	1.78	1.230	0.69	17.90	79.0	17.50	[52]
n-i-p	FA_0.83Cs_0.17Pb(I_0.6Br_0.4)₃	1.75	1.230	0.70	18.34	79.0	17.80	[53]
n-i-p	Cs_0.17FA_0.83PbI_2.2Br_0.8	1.72	1.270	0.74	19.30	77.4	18.60	[54]
n-i-p	Cs_0.12MA_0.05FA_0.83Pb(I_0.6Br_0.4)₃	1.74	1.250	0.72	19.00	81.5	19.10	[55]
n-i-p	Rb₅(Cs₅MAFA)₉₅Pb(I_0.83Br_0.17)₃	1.63	1.240	0.76	22.80	81.0	21.60	[56]
n-i-p	FA_0.83Cs_0.17Pb(I_0.6Br_0.4)₃	1.74	1.200	0.70	19.40	75.1	17.00	[57]
n-i-p	FA_0.17Cs_0.83PbI_2.2Br_0.8	1.72	1.244	0.72	19.80	75.0	18.60	[51]
n-i-p	Cs_0.2FA_0.8Pb(I_0.75Br_0.25)₃	1.65	1.220	0.74	21.20	80.5	20.70	[55]
n-i-p	BA_0.09(FA_0.83 Cs_0.17)_0.91Pb(I_0.6Br_0.4)₃	1.72	1.180	0.69	19.80	73.0	17.30	[38]
n-i-p	FA_0.15Cs_0.85Pb(I_0.73Br_0.27)₃	1.72	1.240	0.72	19.83	73.7	18.10	[58]
n-i-p	FA_0.83Cs_0.17Pb(I_0.6Br_0.4)₃	1.72	1.310	0.76	19.30	78.0	19.50	[59]
n-i-p	Rb_0.05Cs_0.095MA_0.1425FA_0.7125PbI₂Br	1.72	1.205	0.70	18.00	78.9	17.10	[54]
n-i-p	CsPbI₃	1.73	1.080	0.62	18.41	79.32	15.71	[60]
n-i-p	CsPbI₂Br	1.80	1.230	0.68	16.79	77.81	16.07	[61]
n-i-p	β-CsPbI₃	1.68	1.110	0.66	20.23	82.0	18.40	[62]
n-i-p	CsPbI_3-xBr_x	1.77	1.234	0.69	18.30	82.5	18.64	[63]
n-i-p	CsPbI₂Br	1.80	1.270	0.71	15.40	79.0	15.50	[64]
注: NA表示文献中没有给出具体数值; FF表示填充因子.

下载: 导出CSV

序号	钙钛矿中常用离子	有效半径R/pm
1	胍离子(GA⁺)	278
2	二甲胺离子(DMA⁺)	272
3	甲脒离子(FA⁺)	253
4	甲胺离子(MA⁺)	217
5	铯离子(Cs⁺)	167
6	铷离子(Rb⁺)	152
7	钾离子(K⁺)	138
8	钠离子(Na⁺)	102
9	铅离子(Pb²⁺)	119
10	锡离子(Sn²⁺)	112
11	碘离子(I^–)	220
12	溴离子(Br^–)	196
13	氯离子(Cl^–)	181

下载: 导出CSV

Type	Perovskite	E_g/eV	V_OC/V	Jsc/mA·cm^–2	FF/%	PCE/%	Year	Area/cm²	Ref.
N-I-P	MAPbI₃	1.61	1.580	11.50	75.00	13.70	2015	1.00	[15]
	FA_0.83MA_0.17Pb(I_0.84Br_0.16)₃	1.63	1.785	14.00	79.50	19.90	2016	0.16	[133]
	MAPbI₃	1.60	1.692	15.80	79.90	21.40	2016	0.17	[134]
	MAPbI₃	1.60	1.701	16.10	70.10	19.20	2016	1.22	[134]
	Cs_0.19MA_0.81PbI₃	1.59	1.751	18.80	77.10	22.70	2018	0.25	[135]
	Cs_0.19MA_0.81PbI₃	1.59	1.779	16.50	74.10	21.70	2018	1.43	[135]
	Cs_0.19FA_0.81Pb(I_0.78Br_0.22)₃	1.63	1.769	16.50	65.40	19.10	2018	12.96	[135]
	MA_0.37FA_0.48Cs_0.15PbI_2.01Br_0.99	1.69	1.703	15.26	79.20	20.57	2017	0.03	[136]
	FA_0.5MA_0.38Cs_0.12PbI_2.04Br_0.96	1.69	1.655	16.50	81.10	22.22	2018	0.06	[137]
	FA_0.75MA_0.25Pb(I_0.76B_0.24)₃	1.65	1.710	15.49	71.00	18.81	2018	0.13	[138]
	Cs_0.08FA_0.74MA_0.18Pb(I_0.88Br_0.12)₃	1.65	1.780	17.82	75.00	23.73	2018	0.13	[139]
	Cs_0.1(FA_0.75MA_0.25)_0.9Pb(I_0.78Br_0.22)₃	1.67	1.830	16.74	70.00	21.31	2019	0.13	[133]
	Cs_0.08FA_0.69MA_0.23Pb(I_0.78Br₂₂)₃	1.67	1.750	16.89	74.18	21.93	2019	0.13	[140]
	CsRbFAMAPbI_3-xBr_x	1.62	1.763	17.80	78.10	24.50	2018	1.00	[132]
P-I-N	Cs_0.17FA_0.83Pb(Br_0.17I_0.83)₃	1.63	1.650	18.10	79.00	23.60	2017	1.00	[141]
	FA_0.75Cs_0.25Pb(I_0.8Br_0.2)₃	1.68	1.770	18.40	77.00	25.00	2018	1.00	[142]
	Cs_0.05(MA_0.17FA_0.83)Pb_1.1(I_0.83Br_0.17)₃	1.60	1.760	18.50	78.50	25.50	2018	0.81	[143]
	Cs_xFA_1-xPb(I, Br)₃	1.60	1.788	19.50	73.10	25.20	2018	1.42	[144]
	Cs_xFA_1-xPb(I, Br)₃	1.60	1.741	19.50	74.70	25.40	2018	1.42	[145]
	Cs_0.15(FA_0.83MA_0.17)_0.85Pb(I_0.8Br_0.2)₃	1.64	1.800	17.80	79.40	25.40	2018	0.49	[40]
	Cs_0.05(FA_0.83MA_0.17)_0.95Pb(I_0.82Br_0.18)₃	1.63	1.792	19.02	74.60	25.43	2019	1.00	[146]
	Cs_0.1MA_0.9Pb(I_0.9Br_0.1)₃	1.60	1.820	19.20	75.30	26.20	2020	NA	[147]
	Cs_0.25FA_0.75Pb(I_0.85Br_0.15Cl_0.05)₃	1.67	1.890	19.10	75.30	27.04	2020	1.00	[44]
	Cs_0.05MA_0.15FA_0.8Pb(I_0.75Br_0.25)₃	1.68	1.700	19.80	77.00	25.70	2020	0.83	[46]
	(FA_0.65MA_0.2Cs_0.15)Pb(I_0.8Br_0.2)₃	1.68	1.818	18.90	76.40	26.20	2020	1.00	[45]
注: NA表示文献中没有给出具体数值.

下载: 导出CSV

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