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摘要

在发射角120°—170°的范围内, 应用硅漂移探测器以10°为间隔对中心能量为13.1 keV的韧致辐射诱发Fe靶和V靶发射的典型K系X射线光谱进行了测量. 得到特征X射线 K _α和 K _β的特征谱线, 考虑探测器对特征X射线的探测效率、靶对入射光子和出射光子吸收的校准及大气对特征X射线的吸收后, 结果显示不同探测角度下 K _β与 K _α的强度比为一常数. 将本次实验探测角度为150°时的 K _β/ K _α强度比值的实验值、理论计算值和Ertuğral的实验结果进行对比, 发现实验结果与预期相符. 对比不同探测角度下的强度比变化趋势推断特征X射线的角度依赖关系, 分析认为 K _α和 K _β在探测范围内是各向同性发射的.

关键词:

角分布/
光电离/
各向同性

Abstract

The de-excitation process of vacancy in the inner shell of the target atom caused by collision ionization produces the characteristic X-ray or Auger electrons. The precise measurement of ionization cross sections plays an important role in many basic research fields, as well as in practical fields, such as chemical analysis of Particle Induced X-ray Emission (PIXE), atomic and nuclear processes, and X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectroscopy. As we know, when ionization cross sections are measured precisely, whether the emission of X-ray is isotropic in collision process must be considered. However, there have been few experimental results for angular dependence of K _β/ K _αintensity ratios in the literature until now. Therefore, this study aims to verify that the K _αand K _βX-rays originated from filling of the Kshell vacancies with total angular momentum quantum number 1/2 ( J= 1/2) are isotropic. In this work, the typical K-shell X-ray spectra for Fe and V, which induced by bremsstrahlung with central energy of 13.1 keV, have been measured at emission angles varied from 120° to 170° at intervals of 10°. The characteristic X-ray spectra obtained by the detector are fitted by Gauss function, where the absorption of incident X-rays by the detector, the absorption of emitted X-rays by the atmosphere and the self-absorption correction factor of incident and emitted X-rays by the target are all taken into account. The experimental results of K _β/ K _αintensity ratio in this experiment coincide with those of theoretical calculation, as well as the Ertuğral’s experimental result. The experimental results show that the intensity ratio of K _β/ K _αis a constant at different detection angles. Therefore it can be concluded that the emission of K _αand K _βis isotropic in the detection range. Since the Kshell has no sub-shell, there is no Coster-Kronig transition in the collision ionization process. In the process of photoionization, the vacancies in the Kshell are produced by direct ionization. As a result, the cross section ratio of Kshell X-ray generation is independent of the Kshell photoionization cross section. In addition, the experimental results show that the K _β/ K _αcharacteristic X-ray intensity ratio of target Fe is 8% higher than that of target V, which are consistent with the theoretical analysis results that the characteristic X-ray intensity ratio depends on the target atomic number Z.

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通信作者:柳钰,liuyuxianyang0625@126.com

基金项目:省部级-陕西省科技厅自然科学基础研究计划(2019JQ-493)

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Corresponding author:Liu Yu,liuyuxianyang0625@126.com

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