In this article, we propose an image authentication and a recovery algorithm based on chaos and Hamming code. In this algorithm, the Hamming code that is widely used in the channel coding is used, the error control is applied to the image authentication and recovery, and the validity and security of the algorithm are ensured by chaotic mapping. Analytical and experimental results show that the algorithm has a good visual effect and an effectively tampering detection ability with less embedding authentication information, at the same time the algorithm can recover a tampered image to some extent.