According to the theoretical analysis of X-ray differential phase-contrast imaging system based on one-dimensional spatial-coherence X-ray source with multi-line structured anode, a scintillator functioning as an absorption grating, and a phase grating fabricated by photo-assisted electrochemical etching technique developed by us, we construct a non-absorption grating X-ray differential phase-contrast imaging system, conduct the experiments on some biological samples prepared with the above system, and finally obtain some phase-contrast images with more structural information than the ones obtained by conventional X-ray absorption method. Consequently, out system can be considered as a feasible imaging system and can have potential applications in hospitals and laboratories.