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摘要

采用全红外光激发Rydberg原子的方案, 选择探测光(852 nm)、缀饰光(1470 nm)和耦合光(780 nm), 利用三光子激发方式实现了Cs原子Rydberg态(49 P _3/2)的制备. 实验上, 观测到射频电场作用下|7 S _1/2 $\rangle $ → |49 P _3/2 $\rangle $ Rydberg 跃迁形成的电磁感应透明(EIT)效应, 实现对Rydberg 原子的光学探测, 根据EIT光谱的变化来探究射频电场的幅度和频率对光谱的影响. 研究表明, 随着射频电场幅度的增强, 观察到光谱现象从越发明显的ac Stark 能移逐步过渡到复杂混合态的多个调制边带, 并根据EIT主峰的频移进一步讨论频率对铯泡中电场屏蔽的影响. 采用将低频电场调制到射频电场的方式, 实现了基于Rydberg原子的50 Hz—1 kHz范围内电场解调, 并对解调信号的幅度和频率进行拟合, 保真度达到95%. 研究结果对Rydberg原子射频光谱探测和低频电场的可溯源测量等提供有价值的参考.

关键词:

Abstract

The large electric dipole moment of the Rydberg atom allows for strong coupling with weak electric fields, and is widely used in electric field measurements because of its reproducibility, precision and stability. The combination of Rydberg atoms and electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) technology has been used for detecting and characterizing radio-frequency (RF) electric fields. In this work, by selecting probe light (852 nm), dressed light (1470 nm), and coupled light (780 nm), the Rydberg state (49 P _3/2) of Cs atom is prepared by using a three-photon excitation scheme through using all-infrared light excitation of Rydberg atoms. We experimentally observe the EIT spectra of the Rydberg states decorated by radio-frequency electric fields, which optically detects Rydberg atoms. The effect of the amplitude and frequency of the RF electric field on the spectrum is explored in light of changes in the EIT spectrum. The results show that in the region of weak electric field, only the ac Stark energy shift and spectral broadening occur. As the electric field is further enhanced, the sideband phenomenon occurs in both the primary peak and secondary peak of the EIT. In the region of strong field, the Rydberg energy level produces a series of Floquet states with higher-order terms, as well as state shifting and mixing, resulting in asymmetry in the spectra of the EIT sideband peaks. The effect of frequency on the shielding effect of the Cs vapor cell is further discussed based on the shift of the main peak of the EIT. The demodulation of the electric field in a range of 50 Hz–1 kHz with a fidelity of 95% is achieved by modulating the low-frequency electric field to the RF electric field. The results can provide valuable references for spectral detection and traceable measurements of low-frequency electric fields.

Keywords:

Rydberg atoms/
electromagnetically induced transparency spectroscopy/
radio-frequency fields/
ac Stark energy shift

作者及机构信息

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通信作者:刘邦,lb2016wu@mail.ustc.edu.cn; 丁冬生,dds@ustc.edu.cn

基金项目:国家重点研发计划(批准号: 2022YFA1404002)、国家自然科学基金(批准号: U20A20218, 61525504, 61435011)、安徽省科技重大专项(批准号: 202203a13010001)和安徽省高等学校科研研究项目(批准号: 2022AH051888)资助的课题.

Authors and contacts

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Corresponding author:Liu Bang,lb2016wu@mail.ustc.edu.cn; Ding Dong-Sheng,dds@ustc.edu.cn

Funds:Project supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2022YFA1404002), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. U20A20218, 61525504, 61435011), the Major Science and Technology Projects in Anhui Province, China (Grant No. 202203a13010001), and the Natural Science Foundation of the Higher Education Institutions of Anhui Province, China (Grant No. 2022AH051888).

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参考文献

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施引文献

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

Cs原子直流极化率α/(Hz·V^–2·m^–2)
Rydberg 态	49P_1/2, \|m_j\|=1/2	49P_3/2, \|m_j\|=1/2	49P_3/2, \|m_j\|=3/2
极化率α: dc	74979.842	107095.687	89150.196

下载: 导出CSV

拟合参数	频率
拟合参数	50 Hz	100 Hz	500 Hz	1000 Hz
振幅/V	0.0153 ± 0.0001	0.0182 ± 0.0001	0.0188 ± 0.0002	0.0173 ± 0.0001
频率/Hz	49.78 ± 0.09	100.18 ± 0.08	500.01 ± 0.09	1000.02 ± 0.07
R²(COD)	0.94356	0.95435	0.93143	0.9554

下载: 导出CSV

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