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近年来, 声学人工结构逐渐成为降噪领域的研究热点, 亥姆霍兹共鸣器是其中的重要结构单元之一. 本研究旨在设计基于内插管式二阶亥姆霍兹共鸣器单元的宽频消声器. 传统亥姆霍兹共鸣器仅具有单一共振峰, 为了减少单元个数、降低消声器长度, 选取了具有两个共振峰的二阶亥姆霍兹共鸣器单元作为基本结构. 通过理论计算、仿真计算和实验测试对二阶共鸣器单元的隔声性能进行分析, 并在此基础上构建了宽频抗性消声器. 针对所设计的宽频消声器, 理论计算、仿真计算和实验测试的数据结果获得了良好的一致性: 在267—929 Hz的频率范围内实现了20 dB以上的传递损失. 该消声器结构简单、实用性高, 在噪声控制工程中具有广泛的应用前景.Noise is always a serious factor affecting people's quality of life. The most common sound-absorbing materials are porous materials, which work based on the principle that sound waves entering into the pores inside the material are subjected to air friction and viscous resistance, thus converting sound energy into heat. Porous materials have excellent performance of absorbing medium-frequency and high-frequency sound , but they are required to be thick enough to control the low-frequency sound waves with large wavelengths, which limits the application of porous materials in low-frequency noise control. In recent years, acoustic artificial structures have become a research hotspot, which can realize exotic effective acoustic parameters based on periodical structure or local resonance. Acoustic artificial structure provides a new material basis for noise control, in which Helmholtz resonator plays an important role because of its simple geometry. In this study, a broadband muffler is designed based on the second-order neck embedded Helmholtz resonator. In order to achieve low-frequency and broadband sound insulation with a limited number of units and structure length, the second-order resonator is chosen as a basic structure unit, which has a stronger low-frequency noise reduction capability and has one high-frequency transmission loss peak more than a conventional Helmholtz resonator. The acoustic characteristics and insulation performance of second-order resonators are analyzed through theoretical calculation, simulation calculation and experimental test. Then, based on the theoretical model and empirical rules, a broadband muffler composed of nine second-order resonators is designed by carefully adjusting the geometry parameters of each resonator. The three-dimensional printed resonators are installed on the side wall of a square standing wave tube for experimental measurement. In the experiment, the transmission loss curve of the muffler is measured by the two-load method. The result shows that the designed muffler has good sound insulation performances in a frequency range of 267–927 Hz, with the whole transmission loss above 20 dB and the maximum sound insulation up to 60 dB. The experimental result is consistent with the calculation result and simulation result. The muffler has simple structure and high practicability, which will have a wide application prospect in noise control engineering.
[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [9] [10] [11] [12] [13] [14] [15] [16] [17] [18] [19] [20] [21] [22] [23] [24] [25] [26] [27] [28] [29] [30] [31] [32] [33] [34] -
NO. $ {S}_{\rm{c}} $/mm2 $ {l}_{\rm{n}}^{1} $, $ {l}_{\rm{n}}^{2} $/mm $ {l}_{\rm{c}}^{1} $/mm $ {l}_{\rm{c}}^{2} $/mm $ {r}_{\rm{n}}^{1} $/mm $ {r}_{\rm{n}}^{2} $/mm 1 100×100 10 70 30 40 20 2 115×100 10 70 30 42.5 20 类型 $ {l}_{\rm{c}}^{1} $/mm $ {l}_{\rm{c}}^{2} $/mm $ {l}_{\rm{n}}^{1} $/mm $ {r}_{\rm{n}}^{1} $/mm $ {l}_{\rm{n}}^{2} $/mm $ {r}_{\rm{n}}^{2} $/mm $ {f}_{1} $/Hz $ {f}_{2} $/Hz $ {\rm{T}\rm{L}}_{f1} $/dB $ {\rm{T}\rm{L}}_{f2} $/dB 一阶 100 — 20 20 — — 299 — 29.4 — 二阶 50 50 20 20 20 10 201 500 29.3 37.1 No. $ {l}_{\rm{c}}^{1} $/mm $ {l}_{\rm{c}}^{2} $/mm $ {f}_{1} $/Hz $ {f}_{2} $/Hz $ {\rm{T}\rm{L}}_{f1} $/dB $ {\rm{T}\rm{L}}_{f2} $/dB 1 40 60 188 545 30.7 36.4 2 50 50 201 500 29.3 37.1 3 60 40 219 467 34.7 38.8 No. $ {S}_{\rm{c}} $/mm2 $ {r}_{\rm{n}}^{1} $/mm $ {r}_{\rm{n}}^{2} $/mm 1 100×100 40 20 2 115×100 42.5 20 3 130×100 42.5 21 4 145×100 43 21 5 160×100 43 21 6 175×100 43 20 7 190×100 41 20 8 205×100 41 15 9 220×100 41 15 -
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