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摘要

的发现为研究拓扑物态、超导以及几何阻挫等物理特性提供了全新平台. 自发现以来, 国内很多研究组对其超导、电荷密度波、配对密度波、电子向列相以及时间反演对称性破缺多方面特性进行了研究, 并取得了重要进展, 引发了极大的关注. 这些新进展展示了有极其丰富的基本物理机制. 本文简略讨论国内研究组取得的进展及其对理解性质的意义, 并介绍目前领域内值得关注的重要问题.

关键词:

The newly discovered Kagome superconductors $ A{\mathrm{V}}_{3}{\mathrm{S}\mathrm{b}}_{5}(A=\mathrm{K},\mathrm{R}\mathrm{b},\mathrm{C}\mathrm{s}) $ provide a platform to investigate the interplay of the topological property, superconductivity and geometrical frustration. Since their discovery, many research groups, especially many groups in China, have made tremendous progress in this field, including time-reversal-symmetry-breaking (TRSB), charge density wave (CDW), electronic nematicity, superconductivity properties and pair density wave (PDW). In this paper, we introduce the $ A{\mathrm{V}}_{3}{\mathrm{S}\mathrm{b}}_{5} $ properties, discuss the recent research progress and highlight the future focus of this Kagome superconductor. The paper is organized as follows. We start from the exotic normal states of $ A{\mathrm{V}}_{3}{\mathrm{S}\mathrm{b}}_{5} $ , where a CDW emerges at the temperature around 70–100 K depending on $ A $ . This CDW enlarges the unit cell size to 2×2 with additional c-direction modulation as observed by scanning tunneling microscope (STM) and X-ray scattering experiments. Interestingly, this CDW behaves differently under opposite magnetic fields. Namely, this CDW may break the time reversal symmetry. To confirm this property, the zero field muon spin relaxation (ZFμSR) experiment is performed with increasing relaxation rates after the CDW transition. Additionally, the intrinsic anomalous Hall effect is also observed, which may relate to this time reversal symmetry breaking (TRSB). Since there are no long-range magnetic orders observed in the elastic neutron scattering experiment and μSR, the TRSB is not related to the electron spin degree of freedom. To explain the TRSB, the chiral flux phase (CFP) with orbital magnetism is theoretically proposed. Moreover, the electronic nematicity is also observed at about 30–50 K below the CDW transition temperature. This phase breaks the $ {C}_{6} $ rotation symmetry of the Kagome lattice as confirmed by STM and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). What is the microscopic origin of this nematicity is still under investigation. Then, we move to the superconducting properties of $ A{\mathrm{V}}_{3}{\mathrm{S}\mathrm{b}}_{5} $ . Combining the inversion symmetry property found in optical measurement and decreasing of the spin susceptibility found in NMR, the $ A{\mathrm{V}}_{3}{\mathrm{S}\mathrm{b}}_{5} $ superconductor is proven to be a spin-singlet superconductor. Experiments in NMR, angle-resolved photoemission, superfluid density and specific heat further confirm the superconductivity in Kagome superconductors is a conventional s-wave superconductor. Although this superconductor is conventional, $ A{\mathrm{V}}_{3}{\mathrm{S}\mathrm{b}}_{5} $ also contains the unconventional property. Importantly, a PDW is observed in $ \mathrm{C}\mathrm{s}{\mathrm{V}}_{3}{\mathrm{S}\mathrm{b}}_{5} $ by high-resolution STM. What is the PDW origin or microscopic mechanism is still an open question. These new progress reveal the intriguing physical properties behind the Kagome superconductors and also bring many unsolved questions, which calls for further investigations.

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通信作者:胡江平,jphu@iphy.ac.cn

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Corresponding author:Hu Jiang-Ping,jphu@iphy.ac.cn

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