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二维量子材料具有诸多新奇的电子态物性, 又易受到外部因素的影响和调控, 因此成为近年来凝聚态物理等研究领域的前沿课题之一. 而当以不同的旋转角度和堆叠次序制备出二维量子材料的异质结时, 莫尔超晶格的形成又进一步诱导了异质结电子能带结构的重整化, 从而形成电子平带结构, 再结合外加电场、磁场、应力场等外部条件, 即可实现对材料整体新奇物性的设计与调控. 本文主要围绕转角石墨烯及过渡金属硫族化合物异质结中的相关研究展开讨论, 包括与平带物理相关的强关联效应、非常规超导现象、量子反常霍尔效应、拓扑相以及电子晶体等行为, 并对未来的研究发展进行了展望.Two-dimensional (2D) materials can exhibit novel quantum phenomena and be easily tuned by the external environment, which has made them one of the most attractive topics in condensed matter physics during the recent decades. The moiré superlattice induced by varied stacking geometry can further renormalize the material band structure, resulting in the electronic flat bands. With the help of external fields, one can tune the electron-electron correlated interaction in these flat bands, even control the overall physical properties. In this paper we review the recent researches of novel properties in twisted 2D materials (graphene and transition metal dichalcogenide heterostructure), involving strong correlation effect, unconventional superconductivity, quantum anomalous Hall effect, topological phase, and electronic crystals. We also discuss some open questions and give further prospects in this field.
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