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本文提出了一种用于生物样品检测的高灵敏度太赫兹折射率超材料吸波体传感器. 该传感器由2个同心开口金属环组成, 是一种多模谐振器. 传感器在0.7—2.5 THz频率范围内具有2个独立可调的工作频段, 即1.079 THz和2.271 THz, 可观测样品在太赫兹波段的不同电磁效应. 采用吸收特性、灵敏度等指标评估太赫兹传感器的性能, 自由空间中的吸收率超过99.9%, 具有较高的频率选择特性, 灵敏度达到693.7 GHz/RIU, 检测生物样品最小折射率变化量为0.004, 传感性能较好. 所提出的传感器使用低介电常数的柔性材料, 具有生物相容性、便携性等优点, 且在0°—60°斜入射角下及4%的制作误差内显示出高度稳定性. 此外, 通过乙醇-水混合物模拟实验, 验证了传感器的检测效果. 本文设计的传感器单元结构之间相互作用小、稳定、易制作, 能够显著增强光与物质之间相互作用, 在太赫兹高灵敏生物传感检测中具有广阔的应用前景.Terahertz metamaterial biosensor is a label-free affinity sensor that enhances the strength of the local electromagnetic field. It is extremely sensitive to changes in the dielectric constant of the surrounding environment, thereby providing a new method of detecting micro or trace biological samples. In this work, a highly sensitive terahertz refractive index metamaterial absorber sensor for detecting the biological sample is proposed. The sensor consists of two concentric open metal rings and is a multimode resonator. With two independent adjustable operating bands in a frequency range of 0.7–2.5 THz, i.e. 1.079 THz and 2.271 THz, the sensor can observe different electromagnetic effects of the sample in the terahertz band. We evaluate the performance of terahertz sensors with indicators such as absorption characteristics and sensitivity. The sensor possesses the absorption higher than 99.9% in free space. In addition, the large Q value indicates that the sensor provides high frequency selectivity characteristics. Especially, the sensitivity of the sensor achieves 693.7 GHz/RIU, with a minimum refractive index change of 0.004 for the detection of biological samples, which provides good sensing performance. In the proposed sensor, a flexible material with low dielectric constant is used, which has the advantages of biocompatibility and portability and shows high stability at the 0°–60° oblique incidence angle and within 4% fabrication error. Moreover, the detection effectiveness of the sensor is verified by simulation experiments with ethanol-water mixtures. The sensor units designed in this paper have small interactions among them, work stably and are easily fabricated The sensor can significantly enhance the interaction between light and matter and has broad application prospects in terahertz high-sensitivity biosensing detection.
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Keywords:
- terahertz/
- metamaterials/
- absorbers/
- biosensors
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Ethanol-water solution
concentration (%)ε' ε'' n 100 2.6 0.66 1.63 90 2.7 0.7 1.66 80 2.9 0.82 1.72 70 3 0.83 1.75 60 3.2 0.98 1.81 50 3.6 1.2 1.92 40 3.78 1.43 1.978 30 3.7 1.9 1.982 20 4.2 2.4 2.13 10 4.4 3.1 2.21 0 4.73 4.07 2.34 
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