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本文在研究SO宏观气体摩尔热容的工作中, 进一步考虑了分子内部的转动贡献, 通过联立能获得分子某电子态完全振动能级的变分代数法 (variational algebraic method, VAM) 和RKR (Rydberg-Klein-Rees) 方法构建了SO电子基态的势能函数, 解析求解获得了该体系的振转能级, 进而采用量子统计系综理论计算得到了300—6000 K温度范围内SO宏观气体的摩尔热容. 将本文的计算结果与其他几种理论模型的计算结果进行比较分析, 结果表明: 当采用基于全程势能曲线求解的完全振转能级来计算热力学性质时, 得到的摩尔热容与实验结果更为吻合. 本文利用分子完全振转能级计算摩尔热容的思路, 弥补了前一阶段工作中仅采用近似模型表征分子转动行为来计算热容的不足, 为基于微观统计过程求解宏观热力学量提供了新的研究范式.
Sulfur oxide (SO) is a kind of well-known diatomic molecule which becomes one of the major pollutants in the atmosphere. Control of the heat capacity of SO molecule is of great significance for elucidating its macroscopic evolution process. In the research of macroscopic systems composed of many particles as well as several matters, it is an important approach to obtain macroscopic thermodynamic quantities of the system by constructing a partition function from the microscopic information of molecule. For diatomic molecules in a certain electronic state, the partition function can directly be obtained by calculating the rovibrational energy of the system to acquire the macroscopic molar heat capacities. In this work, the contribution of rotational behavior to molar heat capacity is further considered. The potential energy function for the ground electronic state of SO is constructed by the variational algebraic method (VAM) and RKR (Rydberg-Klein-Rees) method, in which the former one can determine the complete vibrational energy levels of an electronic state of a molecule. The rovibrational energy level of the system is obtained by analytical solution, and then the molar heat capacity of SO macroscopic gas in the temperature range of 300–6000 K is calculated by quantum statistical ensemble theory The above calculation depends only on the experimental vibrational energy, experimental rotational spectral constant and the dissociation energy of SO molecule. Fortunately, through comparison between theoretical calculation results and experimental data, we find that the molar heat capacity of gaseous SO molecule can be well predicted by employing the full set of rovibrational energy to describe the internal vibration and rotation of SO molecule. The idea of calculating the molar heat capacity by using the full set of rovibrational energy makes up for the shortcomings of previous work where molar heat capacity is calculated by using the approximate model characterizing the molecular rotational behavior, and also provides a new research paradigm for solving macro thermodynamic quantities based on micro statistical processes . [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [9] [10] [11] [12] [13] [14] [15] [16] [17] [18] [19] [20] [21] [22] [23] [24] [25] [26] [27] [28] [29] [30] [31] [32] [33] [34] [35] [36] [37] -
$ {\omega _0} $ $ {\omega _{\text{e}}} $ $ {\omega _{\text{e}}}{x_{\text{e}}} $ $ {\omega _{\text{e}}}{y_{\text{e}}} $ $ {\omega _{\text{e}}}{z_{\text{e}}} $ $ {\omega _{\text{e}}}{t_{\text{e}}} $ 实验[34] 1148.19 6.12 CASS-
CF[35]1161.80 6.50 CI-SD[35] 1263.50 5.35 MP4
SDQ[35]1173.10 5.09 VAM 0.75 1147.71 5.99 –1.55×10–2 7.59×10–4 –1.30×10–5 
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T/K ${ C_\upsilon ^{ {\text{expt} } } }^{\rm\; a}$ ${ \Delta C_{\upsilon {\text{, RKR} } }^{ {\text{cal} } } } ^{\rm\; b}$ ${ \Delta C_{\upsilon {\text{, VAM} } }^{ {\text{cal} } } }^{\rm\; c}$ ${ \Delta C_{\upsilon \_r{\text{, RKR} } }^{ {\text{cal} } } } ^{\rm\; d}$ ${ \Delta C_{ {\text{This work} } }^{ {\text{cal} } } }^{\rm\; e}$ 300 30.197 –0.025 –0.024 0.071 0.006 400 31.560 –0.041 –0.040 0.092 0.009 500 32.826 –0.057 –0.056 0.080 0.011 600 33.838 –0.073 –0.072 0.054 0.011 700 34.612 –0.088 –0.087 0.027 0.011 800 35.206 –0.108 –0.108 –0.001 0.005 900 35.672 –0.135 –0.136 –0.032 –0.008 1000 36.053 –0.177 –0.177 –0.071 –0.035 1100 36.379 –0.235 –0.235 –0.123 –0.079 1200 36.672 –0.313 –0.314 –0.192 –0.143 1300 36.946 –0.412 –0.413 –0.280 –0.228 1400 37.210 –0.532 –0.533 –0.386 –0.333 1500 37.469 –0.670 –0.670 –0.508 –0.455 1600 37.725 –0.822 –0.823 –0.645 –0.593 1700 37.980 –0.989 –0.989 –0.795 –0.743 1800 38.232 –1.163 –1.164 –0.952 –0.902 1900 38.482 –1.345 –1.346 –1.116 –1.068 2000 38.727 –1.530 –1.530 –1.282 –1.236 2100 38.967 –1.715 –1.716 –1.449 –1.404 2200 39.200 –1.899 –1.900 –1.614 –1.571 2300 39.425 –2.079 –2.079 –1.775 –1.733 2400 39.641 –2.254 –2.254 –1.929 –1.889 2500 39.847 –2.422 –2.421 –2.077 –2.038 2600 40.043 –2.582 –2.581 –2.217 –2.180 2700 40.229 –2.735 –2.733 –2.349 –2.313 2800 40.404 –2.879 –2.876 –2.472 –2.436 2900 40.568 –3.014 –3.009 –2.585 –2.549 3000 40.721 –3.140 –3.133 –2.689 –2.652 3100 40.864 –3.258 –3.248 –2.784 –2.746 3200 40.996 –3.367 –3.352 –2.869 –2.830 3300 41.119 –3.469 –3.449 –2.946 –2.904 3400 41.232 –3.562 –3.536 –3.015 –2.969 3500 41.336 –3.649 –3.615 –3.076 –3.025 3600 41.432 –3.729 –3.686 –3.130 –3.072 3700 41.520 –3.804 –3.749 –3.178 –3.111 3800 41.601 –3.874 –3.806 –3.220 –3.143 3900 41.676 –3.940 –3.857 –3.259 –3.168 4000 41.745 –4.002 –3.902 –3.293 –3.187 4100 41.810 –4.063 –3.943 –3.326 –3.202 4200 41.871 –4.122 –3.980 –3.356 –3.211 4300 41.929 –4.180 –4.014 –3.387 –3.217 4400 41.986 –4.241 –4.047 –3.419 –3.221 4500 42.042 –4.303 –4.079 –3.453 –3.224 4600 42.098 –4.367 –4.111 –3.490 –3.226 4700 42.156 –4.437 –4.144 –3.533 –3.229 4800 42.217 –4.512 –4.181 –3.581 –3.235 4900 42.282 –4.593 –4.221 –3.637 –3.244 5000 42.352 –4.682 –4.266 –3.702 –3.258 5100 42.429 –4.781 –4.318 –3.778 –3.279 5200 42.514 –4.891 –4.377 –3.865 –3.307 5300 42.608 –5.012 –4.445 –3.966 –3.344 5400 42.712 –5.146 –4.523 –4.080 –3.392 5500 42.829 –5.295 –4.614 –4.211 –3.453 5600 42.959 –5.459 –4.718 –4.359 –3.527 5700 43.104 –5.641 –4.837 –4.526 –3.617 5800 43.265 –5.841 –4.971 –4.714 –3.724 5900 43.444 –6.061 –5.123 –4.923 –3.849 6000 43.620 –6.280 –5.273 –5.133 –3.973 $ \Delta {C_{{\text{aver}}}} $f 2.896 2.721 2.363 2.084 注: a. 实验热容; b. 基于实验振动能级运用近似模型所得热容值与实验值的误差; c. 基于VAM完全振动能级运用近似模型所得热容值与实验值的误差; d. 基于实验振转能级所得热容值与实验值的误差; e. 基于完全振转能级所得热容值与实验值的误差; f. $\Delta {C_{ {\text{aver} } } } = \dfrac{ {\text{1} } }{w} \displaystyle\sum {\left| { {C_{\text{m} } } - {C_{ {\text{expt} } } } } \right|}$,w为参与计算的热容值个数. 下载:
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[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [9] [10] [11] [12] [13] [14] [15] [16] [17] [18] [19] [20] [21] [22] [23] [24] [25] [26] [27] [28] [29] [30] [31] [32] [33] [34] [35] [36] [37]
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