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近些年来, 随着实验技术的进步, 对量子多体系统的耗散控制能力得到了增强, 同时耗散动力学过程表征技术方面的实验也有了较大进展. 实验上的进展驱使我们在理论上建立量子多体系统的耗散动力学计算体系. 最近我们发现, 通过把系统和环境之间的相互作用看成对系统的一个微扰, 可以得到一般性的耗散响应理论. 通过这一响应理论, 可以回答物理可观测量以及熵在耗散下一定时间尺度内的动力学演化的问题. 本文建立了非Markov 环境下的一般理论, 并讨论了何时可以取到 Markov 近似, 同时综述了这种方法在计算强关联体系的耗散动力学、强相互作用开放体系的熵的动力学演化等方面的应用.With the recent development of experimental technology, the ability to control the dissipation in quantum many-body system is greatly enhanced. Meanwhile, many new breakthroughs are achieved in detecting the quantum states and others. All these advances make it necessary to establish a new theory for calculating the dissipative dynamics in strongly correlated sstems. Very recently, we found that by taking the interactions between the system and the bath as a perturbation, a systematic dissipative response theory can be established. In this new approach, the calculation of dissipative dynamics for any physical observables and the entropies can be converted into the calculation of certain correlation functions in initial states. Then we discuss how Markovian approximation at low temperature limit and at high temperature limit can be reached Also, we review the progress of the dissipative dynamics in open Bose-Hubbard model. In the fourth section, we review recent progress of entropy dynamics of quench dynamics of an open quantum system. Finally, we draw a conclusion and discuss possible development in the future.
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Keywords:
- dissipative linear response theory/
- Markovian approximation/
- open quantum systems/
- entropy
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