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安志鸿, 黄林敏, 赵锦波, 胡倩倩, 孙转兰, 郑欢, 张晓青

High Performance Laminated FEP/PTFE Piezoelectret Films for Air-borne Sound Transducers

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  • 压电驻极体(也称为铁电驻极体)是一类具有强压电效应的微孔结构驻极体材料,具有柔韧、低密度、低特性声阻抗等特征,是制备柔性空气耦合声电换能器的理想材料。针对器件对高灵敏度和高温工作环境的应用需求,本文报道高性能氟化乙丙烯/聚四氟乙烯(FEP/PTFE)复合膜压电驻极体的制备和性能表征。研究结果表明,FEP/PTFE膜的特性声阻抗为0.02MRayl;在小压强范围内的准静态压电电荷系数d33可高达800pC/N,且具有良好的压强特性。基于FEP/PTFE复合膜压电驻极体的麦克风的灵敏度最高可达6.4mV/Pa@1kHz,远高于文献中报道的相同结构的压电驻极体麦克风的灵敏度,且具有平坦的频响曲线。对于直径为20mm的超声波发射器,当驱动电压为600V (Vpp)时,样品中轴线上距离器件表面100mm处,40至80kHz频率范围内产生的超声波的声压级为80至90dB (ref. 20μPa)。基于FEP/PTFE复合膜压电驻极体的声电换能器的热稳定性显著优于聚丙烯(PP)压电驻极体声电换能器:在125oC下老化211 h,器件的灵敏度保持初值的26%,这得益于基体材料FEP和PTFE优良的空间电荷储存稳定性。
    Piezoelectrets (also known as ferroelectrets) are a kind of cellular electret material with strong piezoelectric effect. Such materials exhibit flexibility, low density and small acoustic impedance. Therefore, piezoelectrets are ideal materials for air-borne flexible sound transducers. Aiming at sound transducers with high sensitivity and thermal stability, in this paper, laminated fluorinated polyethylene propylene (FEP) and polytetrafluoroethylene piezoelectret films with a regular cellular microstructure are prepared by a procedure involving template-based cellular structure formation and polarization. The results show that the characteristic acoustic impedance of such laminated FEP/PTFE films is 0.02 MRayl. The quasi-static piezoelectric charge coefficient d33 up to 800 PC/N is achieved in a small applied pressure range. The maximum value of sensitivity of the microphones based on laminated FEP/PTFE piezoelectrets films, up to 6.4mV/Pa at 1 kHz, is achieved. Besides, the frequency response curve of the device is flat in the whole audio range. For an ultrasonic transmitter with a diameter of 20 mm and driven by a voltage of 600 V (Vpp), the sound pressure level (SPL) generated by it increases from 80 to 90 dB (Ref. 20 μPA) as increasing frequency from 40 to 80 kHz. The thermal stability of the sensitivity for the transducers made of such laminated FEP/PTFE piezoelectret films is much superior to that of polypropylene (PP) piezoelectret based devices. The sensitivity of the present studied devices remains 26% of the initial value after an annealing treatment at 125 OC for 211 h. The improved thermal stability is attributed to the excellent space charge storage stability of FEP and PTFE.
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    • 收稿日期:2021-08-31
    • 上网日期:2021-09-30

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