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HD分子红外跃迁的精密测量被用以检验量子电动力学、确定质子-电子质量比等. 但HD分子的超精细结构分裂对于测量精度是一个很重要的限制因素, 并可能是实验中测得 ν= 2—0谱带跃迁呈特殊线型的原因之一. 本文分别在耦合表象和非耦合表象下计算了HD分子振转跃迁的超精细结构, 并计算了不同外加磁场下HD分子(2–0)带中R(0), P(1), R(1)线的超精细结构, 模拟了10 K低温下对应的光谱结构. 结果表明, HD分子跃迁结构可随磁场发生明显变化. 这可能有助于分析HD分子跃迁特异线型产生的机制, 进一步获得其准确的跃迁中心频率, 用于基础物理学检验.The precise measurement of the infrared transition of hydrogen-deuterium (HD) molecule is used to test quantum electrodynamics and determine the proton-to-electron mass ratio. The saturated absorption spectrum of the R(1) line in the first overtone (2–0) band of HD molecule has been measured by the comb locked cavity ring-down spectroscopy (CRDS) method in Hefei [Tao L G, et al.
2018 Phys. Rev. Lett. 120153001 ], and also by the noise-immune cavity-enhanced optical heterodyne molecular spectroscopy (NICE-OHMS) method in Amsterdam [Cozijn F M J, et al.2018 Phys. Rev. Lett. 120153002 ]. However, there is a significant difference between the line center positions obtained in these two studies. Later the discrepancy was found to be due to unexpected asymmetry in the line shape of the saturated absorption spectrum of the HD molecule. A possible reason is the superposition of multiple hyperfine splitting peaks in the saturated spectrum. However, this model strongly depends on the population transfer caused by intermolecular collisions, which is a lack of experimental and theoretical support. In this paper, the hyperfine structures of the ro-vibrational transition of HD are calculated in the coupled and uncoupled representations. The hyperfine structures of the R(0), P(1) and R(1) lines in the (2–0) band of HD molecule under different external magnetic fields are calculated. The corresponding spectral structures at a temperature of 10 K are simulated. The results show that the transition structure of HD molecule changes significantly with the externally applied magnetic field. The frequency shift of each hyperfine transition line also increases with the intensity of external magnetic field increasing. When the intensity of the external magnetic field is sufficiently high, the hyperfine lines are clearly divided into two branches, and they can be completely separated from each other. Because the dynamic effect of intermolecular collision and the energy level population transfer are very sensitive to the energy level structure, the comparison between experiment and theory will help us to analyze the mechanism of the observed special profiles. It will allow us to obtain accurate frequencies of these transitions, which can be used for testing the fundamental physics.-
Keywords:
- HD/
- hyperfine structure/
- Zeeman effect/
- ro-vibrational transition
[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [9] [10] [11] [12] [13] [14] [15] [16] [17] [18] [19] [20] [21] [22] [23] [24] -
跃迁线 0 G 100 G 300 G 1000 G 频率偏移/kHz 相对强度 频率偏移/kHz 相对强度 频率偏移/kHz 相对强度 频率偏移/kHz 相对强度 Δm= + 1 a→A –56.3 0.3333 –106.9 0.3333 –208.0 0.3333 –561.9 0.3333 b1→B1 –56.3 0.0000 –100.6 0.1800 –216.4 0.1157 –656.9 0.0197 b1→B2 –1.4 0.2922 –33.3 0.1533 –146.5 0.2176 –516.3 0.3136 b1→B3 53.3 0.0411 323.4 0.0000 940.3 0.0000 3108.3 0.0000 b2→B1 –56.3 0.2000 –461.0 0.0019 –1297.6 0.0003 –4261.1 0.0000 b2→B2 –1.4 0.0164 –393.7 0.0018 –1227.7 0.0001 –4120.5 0.0000 b2→B3 53.3 0.1169 –37.0 0.3297 –141.0 0.3329 –495.9 0.3333 c1→C1 –114.1 0.1439 –165.4 0.1619 –286.0 0.1273 –776.7 0.0315 c1→C2 –56.3 0.0000 –93.4 0.0640 –222.5 0.0372 –699.2 0.0029 c1→C3 –1.4 0.0974 –2.2 0.1070 –129.5 0.1688 –528.6 0.2990 c1→C4 53.3 0.0137 298.6 0.0000 893.3 0.0000 2972.7 0.0000 c1→C5 179.3 0.0783 432.1 0.0004 1032.2 0.0000 3181.2 0.0000 c2→C1 –114.1 0.0196 –525.8 0.0018 –1367.3 0.0004 –4380.9 0.0000 c2→C2 –56.3 0.1000 –453.8 0.0025 –1303.8 0.0002 –4303.5 0.0000 c2→C3 –1.4 0.0219 –362.6 0.0015 –1210.8 0.0003 –4132.8 0.0000 c2→C4 53.3 0.1559 –61.9 0.1248 –188.0 0.0859 –631.6 0.0292 c2→C5 179.3 0.0360 71.7 0.2028 –49.1 0.2465 –423.0 0.3040 d→D1 –114.1 0.0587 –445.7 0.0018 –1309.3 0.0001 –4366.4 0.0000 d→D2 –56.3 0.0333 –353.7 0.0170 –1198.0 0.0018 –4198.3 0.0002 d→D3 –1.4 0.0164 –163.3 0.0232 –321.7 0.0236 –867.0 0.0083 d→D4 53.3 0.1169 –84.8 0.0197 –223.8 0.0063 –690.0 0.0002 d→D5 179.3 0.1079 45.6 0.2716 –73.9 0.3015 –442.1 0.3247 Δm=–1 a→C1 –114.1 0.0587 –34.7 0.0616 106.1 0.0884 530.4 0.2835 a→C2 –56.3 0.0333 37.3 0.0446 169.6 0.0865 607.9 0.0249 a→C3 –1.4 0.0164 128.5 0.2139 262.6 0.1567 778.5 0.0248 a→C4 53.3 0.1169 429.2 0.0046 1285.4 0.0006 4279.8 0.0001 a→C5 179.3 0.1079 562.8 0.0086 1424.3 0.0011 4488.3 0.0001 b1→D1 –114.1 0.1439 45.5 0.1473 164.2 0.1950 545.0 0.2888 b1→D2 –56.3 0.0000 137.5 0.1648 275.5 0.1368 713.1 0.0444 b1→D3 –1.4 0.0974 327.9 0.0085 1151.7 0.0003 4044.4 0.0000 b1→D4 53.3 0.0137 406.4 0.0081 1249.6 0.0008 4221.4 0.0001 b1→D5 179.3 0.0783 536.8 0.0045 1399.5 0.0004 4469.3 0.0000 b2→D1 –114.1 0.0196 –314.9 0.0001 –917.1 0.0000 –3059.2 0.0000 b2→D2 –56.3 0.1000 –222.9 0.0021 –805.8 0.0000 –2891.1 0.0000 b2→D3 –1.4 0.0219 –32.5 0.2496 70.4 0.2653 440.2 0.3123 b2→D4 53.3 0.1559 46.0 0.0372 168.4 0.0383 617.2 0.0125 b2→D5 179.3 0.0360 176.4 0.0442 318.3 0.0297 865.2 0.0085 c1→E1 –56.3 0.0000 55.2 0.3291 159.4 0.3329 514.4 0.3333 c1→E2 –1.4 0.2922 375.0 0.0019 1201.0 0.0001 4084.7 0.0000 c1→E3 53.3 0.0411 452.7 0.0023 1297.2 0.0003 4269.7 0.0000 c2→E1 –56.3 0.2000 –305.3 0.0003 –921.9 0.0000 –3089.9 0.0000 c2→E2 –1.4 0.0164 14.6 0.2593 119.7 0.2884 480.5 0.3223 c2→E3 53.3 0.1169 92.3 0.0737 215.9 0.0450 665.5 0.0110 d→F –56.3 0.3333 –5.8 0.3333 95.3 0.3333 449.3 0.3333 
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