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硼中子俘获治疗(boron neutron capture therapy, BNCT)是一种结合含硼-10靶向药物和重离子肿瘤治疗的二元精确放射治疗方法, 但经过近70年的发展, BNCT仍然未能真正进入临床应用. 含硼-10药物在体内的浓度分布测量方法不能满足临床需求, 影响治疗的效果和安全性, 是目前BNCT亟待解决的核心问题之一. 本文对目前含硼-10药物浓度分布测量方法进行综述, 包括已经用于临床的有创估算方法及在研的单光子发射断层成像方法、正电子发射断层扫描方法及核磁共振方法等, 分析各种方案的优势与局限性. 并根据硼-10元素旋磁比低及磁共振横向弛豫时间极短的特点, 从理论上简要分析了基于超短回波时间磁共振成像的硼-10体内分布定量测量方法的可行性.Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) is a dual tumor radiotherapy method combining boron-10 containing drugs and heavy ion therapy, which can kill cancer cells with almost no damage to normal cells, and achieve precise cell-scale treatment. However, the BNCT does not really enter into clinical application stage though it has been developed for nearly 70 years. The methods of measuring the concentration distribution of boron-10 containing drugs in vivo cannot meet the clinical needs, which is one of the core problems affecting the effect and safety of clinical application of BNCT. This article reviews the current methods of measuring the concentration distribution of boron-10 drugs, including the invasive estimation methods that have been used in clinical practice, the researching single photon emission tomography (SPECT) method, positron emission tomography (PET) method, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) method, etc., and analyzes the advantages and limitations of current methods. Based on the characteristics of the low gyromagnetic ratio of the boron-10 element and the extremely short magnetic resonance transverse relaxation time, the research ideas of ultra-short echo time magnetic resonance boron-10 quantitative imaging are proposed. The feasibility of quantitative measurement of boron-10 distribution in vivo based on ultrashort echo time magnetic resonance imaging is analyzed theoretically.
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