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摘要

实现玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚的原子大多具备内部自旋自由度, 在光势阱下原子内部自旋被解冻, 从而使原子可以凝聚到各个超精细量子态上, 形成旋量玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体. 灵活的自旋自由度成为体系相关的动力学变量, 可以使体系出现新奇的拓扑量子态, 如自旋畴壁、涡旋、磁单极子、斯格明子等. 本文综述了旋量玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚的实验和理论研究, 旋量玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体中拓扑缺陷的种类, 以及两分量、三分量玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体中拓扑缺陷的研究进展.

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Abstract

Most of the atoms that realize Bose-Einstein condensation have internal spin degree of freedom. In the optical potential trap, the internal spin of the atom is thawed, and the atom can be condensed into each hyperfine quantum state to form the spinor Bose-Einstein condensate. Flexible spin degrees of freedom become dynamic variables related to the system, which can make the system appear novel topological quantum states, such as spin domain wall, vortex, magnetic monopole, skymion, and so on. In this paper, the experimental and theoretical study of spinor Bose-Einstein condensation, the types of topological defects in spinor Bose-Einstein condensate, and the research progress of topological defects in spinor two-component and three-component Bose-Einstein condensate are reviewed.

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作者及机构信息

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通信作者:刘超飞,liuchaofei0809@163.com; 刘伍明,wmliu@iphy.ac.cn

基金项目:国家重点研发计划“量子调控与量子信息”重点专项(批准号: 2016YFA0301500)和国家自然科学基金(批准号: 11434015, 61835013, 11875149, 61565007)资助的课题

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Corresponding author:Liu Chao-Fei,liuchaofei0809@163.com; Liu Wu-Ming,wmliu@iphy.ac.cn

Funds:Project supported by the NKRDP, China (Grant No. 2016YFA0301500) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 11434015, 61835013, 11875149, 61565007)

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施引文献

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

π_n	缺陷	孤子
π₀	磁畴壁	暗孤子
π₁	涡旋	非奇异磁畴壁
π₂	磁单极	二维skyrmions
π₃		skyrmions, 扭结
π₄		瞬子

下载: 导出CSV

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