Short groove arranged in one-dimensional quasicrystal structure is designed by mechanical method in this paper and drag reduction experiments are performed by viscometer. The results show that there is a novel drag reduction effect compared with periodic structure of one-dimensional short groove, in which 12-fold quasicrystal structure of one-dimensional short groove has the best drag reduction, and has an equal effect compared with one-dimensional periodic groove structure. An two-dimensional grating model is proposed to investigate the mechanism. It is found that in comparison with two-dimensional periodic grating, the intensity spectrum of coherent wave passing through two-dimensional quasiperiodic grating has several characteristic structure factors. Corresponding to the quasicrystal structures of one-dimensional short groove, the quasiperiodic structure in spanwise direction can activate little disturbance on boundary layer and make the secondary vortex more uniform, which restrains the strong disturbance in spanwise, consequently reducing the drag.